PURPOSE Space travel is associated with an exposure to low-dose rate ionizing radiation and the microgravity environment, both of which may lead to impairments in cardiac function. We used a mouse model to determine short- and long-term cardiac effects to simulated microgravity (hindlimb unloading; HU), continuous low-dose rate γ-irradiation, or a combination of HU and low-dose rate γ-irradiati...

In the clinical setting, repeated exposures (10-30) to low-doses of ionizing radiation (≤200 cGy), as seen in radiotherapy for cancer, causes fatigue. Almost nothing is known, however, about the fatigue inducing effects of a single exposure to environmental low-dose ionizing radiation that might occur during high-altitude commercial air flight, a nuclear reactor accident or a solar particle eve...

The catalase activities in blood and organs of the acatalasemic (C3H/AnLCs(b)Cs(b)) mouse of C3H strain are lower than those of the normal (C3H/AnLCs (a)Cs(a)) mouse. We examined the effects of prior low-dose (0.5 Gy) X-ray irradiation, which reduced the oxidative damage under carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatopathy in the acatalasemic or normal mice. The acatalasemic mice showed a significant...

Background: Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) play a crucial role in the initiation, progression, and recurrence of cancer. Evidence indicates that the high linear energy transfer (LET) carbon ion beam is more effective against CSCs than the conventional X-ray beam. Carbon ion radiotherapy is considered as a promising cancer strategy, however, information about whether, or not, new CSCs are induced...

Ultraviolet (UV)-B irradiation leads to DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, growth inhibition, and cell death. To evaluate the UV-B stress-induced changes in plant cells, we developed a model system based on tobacco Bright Yellow-2 (BY-2) cells. Both low-dose UV-B (low UV-B: 740 J m(-2)) and high-dose UV-B (high UV-B: 2960 J m(-2)) inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell death; these effects w...

PURPOSE To determine the biological effectiveness of single, fractionated and continuous low dose rate irradiation on the human colorectal cancer cell line CL187 in vitro and explore the cellular mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS The CL187 cells were exposed to radiation of 6 MV X-ray at a high dose rate of 4Gy/min and 125I seed at a low dose rate of 2.77 cGy/h. Three groups were employed: si...

Background: Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a radiotherapy that combines biological targeting and high linear energy transfer. A potential therapeutic approach for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is considered. However, dose in lung tumor is not homogeneous, and it will reduce the effect of BNCT treatment. In order to improve the dose distribution of BNCT, the multi-field irradiation...

OBJECTIVES Although low-dose radiotherapy (RT) that involves low collateral damage is more suitable for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) than traditional high-dose RT, but to achieve satisfactory therapeutic effect with low-dose RT, it is necessary to sensitize HCC cells to irradiation. This study was aimed to determine whether radiosensitivity of HCC cells can be enhanced using miR-26b by target...