In this paper, we characterize stratifiable (or semi-stratifiable) spaces, and monotonically countably paracompact metacompact) spaces by expansions of locally upper bounded semi-continuous poset-valued maps. These extend earlier results for real-valued Locally functions.

Soft topological spaces (STSs) have received a lot of attention recently, and numerous soft ideas been created from differing viewpoints. Herein, we put forth new class generalizations open sets called “weakly semi-open subsets” following an approach inspired by the components set. This opens door to reformulating existing concepts examining their behaviors. First, deliberate main structural pr...

BACKGROUND: Lovastatin is known to inhibit its own synthesis in the fungus Aspergillus terreus. Therefore, the use of a fermentation strategy that continuously removes some of the lovastatin produced from the bioreactor can enhance its productivity. This paper reports on the effects of dilution rate and the composition of the feed medium on lovastatin production by A. terreus. RESULTS: The feed...

A semi-continuous hidden Markov model based on the multiple vector quantization codebooks is used here for large-vocabulary speaker-independent continuous speech recognition. In the techniques employed here, the semi-continuous output probability density function for each codebook is represented by a combination of the corresponding discrete output probabilities of the hidden Markov model and t...

We prove that every multi-player perfect-information game with bounded and lower-semi-continuous payoffs admits a subgame-perfect ε-equilibrium in pure strategies. This result complements Example 3 in Solan and Vieille (2003), which shows that a subgame-perfect ε-equilibrium in pure strategies need not exist when the payoffs are not lower-semi-continuous. In addition, if the range of payoffs is...

A class of skew products over irrational rotations of the circle is defined which contains some systems which have strange nonchaotic attractors. The global attractor of these systems is characterized: it lies between an upper semi-continuous curve and a lower semi-continuous curve. With additional assumptions on the class of maps considered more detail of the attractor can be given. Mathematic...

Given f : X → R ∪ {+∞} a convex and lower semi-continuous function defined on a reflexive Banach space X, and L, a closed linear manifold of X over which f takes at least a real value, the aim of this note is to prove the following Baire category result: in the Euclidean setting, the set of affine functions dominated by f on L for which there is no dominated extension to X is always of first Ba...

a topoframe, denoted by $l_{ tau}$,  is a pair $(l, tau)$ consisting of a frame $l$ and a subframe $ tau $ all of whose elements are complementary elements in$l$. in this paper, we define and study the notions of a$tau $-real-continuous function on a frame $l$ and the set of realcontinuous functions $mathcal{r}l_tau $ as an $f$-ring.we show that $mathcal{r}l_{ tau}$is actually a generalization ...

We prove in this note the convexity of the functions u ◦ λ and more generally u ◦ λB on the space of Hermitian matrices, for B a fixed positive definite hermitian matrix, when u : R → R ∪ {+∞} is a symmetric convex function which is lower semi-continuous on R, and finite in at least one point of R. This is performed by using some optimisation techniques and a generalized Ky Fan inequality. To c...

A 1993 result of J. Llibre, and M. Misiurewicz, (Theorem A [5]), states that if a continuous map f of a graph into itself has an s-horseshoe, then the topological entropy of f is greater than or equal to logs, that is h( f ) ? logs. Also a 1980 result of L.S. Block, J. Guckenheimer, M. Misiurewicz and L.S. Young (Lemma 1.5 [3]) states that if G is an A-graph of f then h(G) ? h( f ). In this pap...