Many trials on probiotics are now published that use established methods to demonstrate their clinical efficacy. Convincing progress has been made in the field of inflammatory bowel disease and allergy prevention in infants. Experimental studies show clear differences (and even sometimes opposite effects) between apparently closely related probiotics and suggest new mechanisms for the observed ...

Circulatory shock is a medical emergency that is characterized by hypotension and decreased tis­ sue perfusion; if left untreated, it can lead to ir­ reversible cellular injury and death. Hypotension associated with shock can be the result of any of a number of factors, depending on the type of shock; these include biventricular dysfunction, in­ travascular hypovolemia, and the vascular effects...

Experimental work in the 1960's showed that in animals nephritis could be induced by two different methods-(i) reaction between antigen in the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) and antibody to it, the antibody arising either by immunisation of the host with autologous or heterologous GBM or by passive immunisation, and (ii) injection into the animal of foreign protein to cause acute (one injec...

We shortly review a series of novel ideas on the physics of hadrons and nuclear matter. Despite being vastly different in scope and content, these models share a common attribute, in that they offer unconventional viewpoints on infrared QCD and nuclear phenomena. In a sense, they are reminiscent of the plethora of formulations that have been developed over the years on classical gravitation: ma...