background: bladder cancer accounts for about 7% of all cancers among adults in iran. we aimed to evaluate epidemiological and clinicopathological features of bladder cancer in kermanshah province, west iran. methods: in a descriptive retrospective study, records of patients with bladder cancer referring to imam reza hospital, kermanshah city, iran during 2011-2013 were analyzed. sex, age, smok...

background: retinoblastoma is the most common embryonic tumor of retina of children. this tumor include 3-4% of all children malignancies during the age range 0-14 years. in this study, we reported the incidence, therapeutic protocols, and treatment outcome of children with rb in south west iran. methods: we retrospectively investigated the medical reports clinical and pathological features of ...

background: defects in b cell class switch recombination (csr) are a heterogeneous and yet very uncommon group of disorders which all have a genetic basis uniformly leading to hyper igm (higm) syndrome. due to the rare frequency of these conditions, a very small number of case series have been conducted on the affected patients. objective: to shed some light on the morbidity and mortality regar...

Extremes weather changes surpassing their usual statistical ranges and tumbling records in India could be an early warning bell of global warming. Extreme weather events like the recent record setting in western Indian city of Mumbai or all time high fatalities due to the heat wave in southern Indian states or increasing vulnerability of easten Indian states to flood could all be a manifestatio...

Peripheral T cell diversity is virtually constant in the young, but is invariably reduced in aged mice and humans. CD8+ T cell clonal expansions (TCE) are the most drastic manifestation of, and possible contributors to, this reduced diversity. We show that the presence of TCE results in reduced CD8+, but not CD4+, T cell diversity, and in functional inability to mobilize parts of the CD8+ T cel...

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) represents a severe manifestation in connective tissue diseases (CTD), with an overall incidence of 15%, and it is still a challenge for clinicians evaluation and management. ILD is the most common manifestation of lung involvement in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), observed in up to 80% of biopsies, 50% of chest Computed Tomography (CT) and only 5% of chest radiograp...

The dramatic resurgence of Negro nationalism, its emergence as a viable, authentic trend is one of the most significant developments of the present day Negro freedom scene. With the appearance of the Black Muslims, its most articulate and best organized manifestation, Negro Nationalism, for the first time since the Garvey movement, has attained the significance of a major mass trend. It is havi...