BACKGROUND On October 8, 2005, an earthquake of magnitude 7.6 hit the Northern parts of Pakistan. In the post-earthquake scenario, overcrowding, improper sewage disposal, contamination of food and drinking water, hasty surgical procedures, and unscreened blood transfusions to earthquake victims most likely promotes the spread of infections already prevalent in the area. OBJECTIVE The objectiv...

BACKGROUND The recent devastating earthquake of December 26 in Bam, 2003 created various risk factors; caused a sharp increase in incidence of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) cases and reached to an epidemic proportion. The objective of this study was to evaluate the status of ACL cases five years before the earthquake compared to the cases occurred five years after the earthquake (...

The catastrophic tsunamis generated by the great Indonesia earthquake triggered on December 26 th , 2004, warned the coastal community on preparedness and constructing safe structures to resist against such events. Earthquake occurs suddenly without warning and bulk of destruction takes place within a short period of time. Similarly, when tsunami strikes, there will be a tremendous loss and dam...

BACKGROUND A magnitude 7.1 earthquake hit Canterbury in September 2010. This earthquake and associated aftershocks took the lives of 185 people and drastically changed residents' living, working, and social conditions. AIM To explore the impact of the earthquakes on smoking status and levels of tobacco consumption in the residents of Christchurch. METHODS Semistructured interviews were carr...

The study of faulting and earthquake processes requires direct and near-fi eld observations at the focal depth. Deep mines provide a unique opportunity to make such observations. The linked DAFSAM (Drilling Active Faults Laboratory in South African Mines)-NELSAM (Natural Earthquake Laboratory in South African Mines) projects focus on building an earthquake laboratory in deep gold mines in South...

this is a concise state-of-the-art-article on earthquake prediction • the story of the hai - cheng ( china ) earthquake of 4 february 1975 ,the first successfully major earthquake is reported . existing methods of predicting earthquakes are investigated. earthquake prediction activties in china, russia, japan and u.s.a. are discussed.

Among various indices of earthquake ground motions, the maximum amplitude value and frequency content have been regarded as the most important indices for earthquake engineering. These indices are strongly affected by local site conditions. Also the fact that the duration of earthquake ground motion differs from site to site even during the same earthquake has been noticed by many researchers. ...

BACKGROUND Research on long-term health effects of earthquakes is scarce, especially in low- and middle-income countries, which are disproportionately affected by disasters. To date, progress in this area has been hampered by the lack of tools to accurately measure these effects. Here, we explored whether long-term public health effects of earthquakes can be assessed using a combination of read...

A semi-Markov model estimating the waiting times and magnitudes of large earthquakes is proposed. The model defines a discrete-time, discrete-state process in which successive state occupancies are governed by the transition probabilities of the Markov process. The stay in any state is described by an integer-valued random variable that depends on the presently occupied state and the state to w...

One of the most widespread spring-block earthquake models, the Olami-Feder-Christensen model, is investigated without making the assumption that the duration of individual earthquakes is negligible. While the GutenbergRichter law for the size distribution of earthquakes is preserved qualitatively for earthquakes of finite duration, the bvalue decreases with increasing earthquake duration. The e...