A 72-year-old woman presented with acute onset of double vision, bilateral complete blepharoptosis, and nearly complete ophthalmoplegia. Orbital and brain magnetic resonance imaging were normal. Further investigation revealed bicytopenia with hepatosplenomegaly. Liver biopsy revealed mantle cell lymphoma. Cytology later showed the presence of mantle cells in cerebrospinal fluid analysis. Her op...

[1] Super‐continental insulation refers to an increase in mantle temperature below a supercontinent due to the heat transfer inefficiency of thick, stagnant continental lithosphere relative to thinner, subducting oceanic lithosphere. We use thermal network theory, numerical simulations, and laboratory experiments to provide tighter physical insight into this process. We isolate two end‐member d...

The right to search for truth implies also a duty. One must not conceal any part of what one has discovered to be true. O verview The lithosphere clearly controls the location of volcanism. The nature and volume of the volcan-ism and the presence of 'melting anomalies' or 'hotspots,' however, reflect the intrinsic chemical and petrologic heterogeneity of the upper mantle. Melting anomalies-shal...

a r t i c l e i n f o Keywords: seismic anisotropy mantle flow geodynamic modeling shear wave splitting surface wave analysis mantle convection Observations of seismic anisotropy yield some of the most direct constraints available on both past and present-day deformation in the Earth's mantle. Insight into the character of mantle flow can also be gained from the geodynamical modeling of mantle ...

Introduction: Core-mantle differentiation is one of the most dramatic events in the Earth's history. As a result of core formation, the Earth's mantle is depleted in siderophile elements. Amounts of siderophile elements retained in the mantle give important clues for estimation of core formation condition. It is well known that the observed mantle abundance of Ni is larger than that predicted f...

S U M M A R Y This study applies high-resolution Radon transform to a large set of SS precursors and explores the mantle reflectivity structure beneath 17 potentially ‘deep-rooted’ hotspots. The combined reduced time (τ ) and ray parameter (p) information effectively constrains the depth, spatial distribution and sharpness of upper-/mid-mantle reflectors. The olivine to wadsleyite phase boundar...

[1] Although an average westward rotation of the Earth’s lithosphere is indicated by global analyses of surface features tied to the deep mantle (e.g., hot spot tracks), the rate of lithospheric drift is uncertain despite its importance to global geodynamics. We use a global viscous flow model to predict asthenospheric anisotropy computed from linear combinations of mantle flow fields driven by...

The measured inwards motion of Phobos provides a constraint on the tidal dissipation factor, Q, within Mars. We model viscoelastic dissipation inside a convective Mars using a modified Burgers model based on laboratory experiments on anhydrous, melt-free olivine. The model tidal Q is highly sensitive to the mantle potential temperature and grain size assumed, but relatively insensitive to the b...

We use seismic attenuation tomography to identify a region at the top of the lower mantle that displays very high attenuation consistent with an elevated water content. Tomography inversions with >80,000 differential travel-time and attenuation measurements yield 3D whole-mantle models of shear velocity (VS) and shear quality factor (Q ). The global attenuation pattern is dominated by the locat...

[1] The mantle plume model has been invoked to explain the formation of large igneous provinces (LIP) and associated age-progressive hotspot tracks. The shape of mantle plumes should be significantly altered by physical properties of the mantle and will influence how plume theory is used to interpret observational constraints. Based on theoretical analysis and numerical modeling, we explore the...