dust accumulation capacity of ficus carica l. and psidium guajava l. was investigated from eight different sites of multan, pakistan.  leaves of both plants were used for analyzing biometric (leaf area, fresh and dry weights) and biochemical attributes (chlorophyll contents, carotenoids and ascorbic acid).  maximum dust accumulation was occurred in the plants growing near road sites, while, min...

in what follows, the author has dealt with the relation between the necessary being as an unchangeable essence and his changeable and unchangeable attributes. neither is the ascription of any changeable attribute impossible for god nor is the ascription of any kind of unchangeable attribute possible. as the change of genitive attributes does not demand the change in the essence, it is possible ...

the relation between ethics and human good and evil attributes and his nature is among the age-old discourses in the field of practical philosophy (wisdom). since long ago, it has been of concern to the learned and the philosophers as to whether all ethics or a part of it in all human beings or in some of them is optional and acquired or non-optional, unacquirable, and unchangeable. this writin...

The creative cognition approach views creativity as the generation of novel and appropriate products through the application of basic cognitive processes to existing knowledge structures. It relies on converging evidence from anecdotal accounts of creativity and tightly controlled laboratory studies designed to examine the processes that are assumed to operate in those anecdotes. Specific examp...

Patterning nanoscale features requires advanced lithographic techniques that involve redesigning the traditional photolithographic process. As feature dimensions shrink below 30 nm, the fidelity of the transferred information using current resists may not meet manufacturing requirements, particularly with respect to control over the size and shape of the patterned features (e.g. critical dimens...

The hierarchical real-time control systems (RCS) reference model architecture that is under development at the National Institute of Standards and Technology aims at designing and developing intelligent control for large and complex systems. A methodology being developed to create RCS-based systems exhibits many characteristics that are similar to object-oriented paradigms. The authors compare ...

Concurrent engineering has been generally accepted as an important approach to reduce time to market. For years, the focus of concurrency has been design and manufacturing. With customers’ inputs becoming more crucial for product development, incorporating customers’ preferences into the design process has become significant in the continuing quest for reducing time to market. Because customers...

An overview from the perspective of one manufacturer is provided on products that utilise either palm oil or palm kernel oil. The manufacturer is Macphie of Glenbervie while the products are of a wide-ranging nature for use in bakery, food service and food-manufacturing. Much of the discussion concerns cream alternatives on the grounds that this product-category places great demand on the type ...

Supply chains are the basis of the world economy. With a computer simulation of a supply chain management scenario, the Trading Agents Competition in Supply Chain Management (TAC SCM) promotes research in this field to try and automate the process. By letting computer agents optimize the manufacturing process, consumer goods become cheaper. Presented is an analysis of the 2005 Finals of the Tra...

This paper proposes an approach for optimal design of multilevel systems under uncertainty. The approach utilizes the stochastic extension of the analytical target cascading formulation. The reliability of satisfying the probabilistic constraints is computed by means of the most probable point method using the hybrid mean value algorithm. A linearization technique is employed for estimating the...