The type III secretion system (T3SS) is a membrane-embedded nanomachine found in several Gram-negative bacteria. Upon contact between bacteria and host cells, the syringe-like T3SS (Figure 1) transfers proteins termed effectors from the bacterial cytosol to the cytoplasm or the plasma membrane of a single target cell. This is a major difference from secretion systems that merely release molecul...

Pathogenic Yersinia spp (Yersinia pestis, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, and Yersinia enterocolitica) have evolved an exquisite method for delivering powerful effectors into cells of the host immune system where they inhibit signaling cascades and block the cells' response to infection. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of this system has provided insight into the processes of phagocytosis a...

It is shown that for each 0 < lambda < 1, the free Araki-Woods factor of type III(lambda) cannot be written as a tensor product of two diffuse von Neumann algebras (i.e., is prime) and does not contain a Cartan subalgebra.

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A particles with the diameter of 70 to 80 nm were isolated from the cytoplasm of HEp-2, HeLa, and AO cells producing oncornavirus of Mason-Pfizer-like type. Most of the A particles banded at 1.23 to 1.24 g/ml, whereas 3 to 10% banded at 1.29 g/ml in equilibrium sucrose gradients. They banded at 1.30 g/ml in CsCl gradients suggesting that they contained 8% RNA. Individual A particles sedimented ...

background values used by the nursing profession are essential in order to maintain high standards of the nursing care. objectives the aim of this study was to compare the perspective of nursing students from type ι and iii universities of medical sciences about professional values of nursing in iran. materials and methods in this cross-sectional survey, we investigated the professional values ...

Chris Dede Graduate School of Education George Mason University Fairfax, VA 22030 (703) 993-2019 [email protected] Marilyn Salzman Department of Psychology George Mason University Fairfax, VA 22030 (703) 352-8375 [email protected] R. Bowen Loftin Virtual Environment Technology Lab University of Houston Houston, TX 77023 (713) 743-1006 [email protected] Katy Ash Department of Psychology George Mason Unive...