Prime numbers are considered the basic building blocks of the counting numbers, and thus a natural question is: Are there infinitely many primes? Around 300BC, Euclid demonstrated, with a proof by contradiction, that infinitely many prime numbers exist. Since his work, the development of various fields of mathematics has produced subsequent proofs of the infinitude of primes. Each new and uniqu...

Basic mathematical constants ... ... and those derived from them Named math constants Other notable math constants Notable integer numbers Notable integer sequences Rational numbers and sequences Geometry constants Number-theoretical functions Other complex-valued functions Constants useful in Sciences Statistics / probability constants Engineering constants Software engineering constants Conve...

Using functional properties of the Hurwitz zeta function and symbolic derivatives of the trigonometric functions, the function ζ(2n + 1, p/q) is expressed in several ways in terms of other mathematical functions and numbers, including in particular the Glaisher numbers. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 11M35, 33B99. Secondary 11B75, 33E20.

Boundary algebra (BA) is a mathematical alternative to standard algebra. It represents numbers and functions using space and boundaries, which can be manipulated with three simple equivalence rules. In BA, the behavior of large constructions, such as complex numbers and transcendental functions, can be directly deduced from the basic rules of BA, suggesting that it represents a fundamental core...

data obtained in association with many real-life random experiments from different fields cannot be perfectly/exactly quantified.hspace{.1cm}often the underlying imprecision can be suitably described in terms of fuzzy numbers/values. for these random experiments, the scale of fuzzy numbers/values enables to capture more variability and subjectivity than that of categorical data, and more accura...

Publications dealing with Queneau numbers can be divided roughly into two categories. In the first one the relation to poetry and, more generally, to literature is the central issue. The second one consists of papers that investigate the mathematical properties of the Queneau numbers and of integer sequences that are closely related. Our comments in this survey are restricted to this second cat...

A version of law of large numbers for free identically distributed random variables is considering at this work. It shown that lim t→∞ t μ (x : |x| > t) = 0 is a sufficient and necessary condition for the weak law of large numbers for the sequence X1, X2, ..., free random variables. 2000 Mathematical Subject Classification: 45L54, 60F05, 47C15

in this paper, by using a new approach on distance between two fuzzy numbers, we construct a new ranking system for fuzzy number which is very realistic and also matching our intuition as the crisp ranking system on r.

Reasoning with domains containing continuous numeric change remains an open challenge in planning. In this paper, we discuss how an established temporal planner, CRIKEY3, can be adapted to plan in domains containing linear continuous numeric change. In particular, we discuss how an LP can be used to scheudule action choices, and how the LPRPG heuristic (hitherto for non-temporal planning) can b...