‎‎we exhibit an explicit construction for the second cohomology group‎ ‎$h^2(l‎, ‎a)$ for a lie ring $l$ and a trivial $l$-module $a$‎. ‎we show how the elements of $h^2(l‎, ‎a)$ correspond one-to-one to the‎ ‎equivalence classes of central extensions of $l$ by $a$‎, ‎where $a$‎ ‎now is considered as an abelian lie ring‎. ‎for a finite lie‎ ‎ring $l$ we also show that $h^2(l‎, ‎c^*) cong m(l)$‎...

The problem of reliability modeling on the Scalable Coherent Interface (SCI) rings and topological network is studied. The reliability models of three SCI rings are developed and the factors which influence the reliability of SCI rings are studied. By calculating the shortest path matrix and the path quantity matrix of different types SCI network topology, the communication characteristics of S...

A general method for constructing convolutional codes from units in Laurent series over matrix rings is presented. Using group rings as matrix rings, this forms a basis for in-depth exploration of convolutional codes from group ring encodings, wherein the ring in the group ring is itself a group ring. The method is used to algebraically construct series of convolutional codes. Algebraic methods...

In this paper, we introduce the concept of the generalized AIP-rings as a generalization of the generalized quasiBaer rings and generalized p.p.-rings. We show that the class of the generalized AIP-rings is closed under direct products and Morita invariance. We also characterize the 2-by-2 formal upper triangular matrix rings of this new class of rings. Finally, we provide several examples to s...

we introduce the notion ofstrongly $alpha$-reversible rings which is a strong version of$alpha$-reversible rings, and investigate its properties. we firstgive an example to show that strongly reversible rings need not bestrongly $alpha$-reversible. we next argue about the strong$alpha$-reversibility of some kinds of extensions. a number ofproperties of this version are established. it is shown ...

let $r$ be a ring with unity. the undirected nilpotent graph of $r$, denoted by $gamma_n(r)$, is a graph with vertex set ~$z_n(r)^* = {0neq x in r | xy in n(r) for some y in r^*}$, and two distinct vertices $x$ and $y$ are adjacent if and only if $xy in n(r)$, or equivalently, $yx in n(r)$, where $n(r)$ denoted the nilpotent elements of $r$. recently, it has been proved that if $r$ is a left ar...

in this paper, we introduce a class of rings which is a generalization of reversible rings. let r be a ring with identity. a ring r is called central reversible if for any a,b ∈ r, ab=0 implies ba belongs to the center of r. since every reversible ring is central reversible, we study sufficient conditions for central reversible rings to be reversible. we prove that some results of reversible ri...

This paper extends to non-controllable linear systems over rings the property FCs (s > 0), which means “feedback cyclization with s inputs”: given a controllable system (A, B), there exist a matrix K and a matrix U with s columns such that (A + BK, BU) is controllable. Clearly, FC1 is the usual FC property. The main technique used in this work is the obtention of block decompositions for system...

There are two fundamental obstructions to representing noncommutative rings via sheaves. First, there is no subcanonical coverage on the opposite of the category of rings that includes all covering families in the big Zariski site. Second, there is no contravariant functor F from the category of rings to the category of ringed categories whose composite with the global sections functor is natur...

in this paper we focus on a special class of commutative local‎ ‎rings called spap-rings and study the relationship between this‎ ‎class and other classes of rings‎. ‎we characterize the structure of‎ ‎modules and especially‎, ‎the prime submodules of free modules over‎ ‎an spap-ring and derive some basic properties‎. ‎then we answer the‎ ‎question of lam and reyes about strongly oka ideals fam...