Individual differences in open-field activity and emotionality (number of defecations and urinations), voluntary wheel running, voluntary and forced maximal sprint running speed on a photocell-timed racetrack, swimming endurance, and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) were studied in 35 random bred male ICR mice. With the exception of latency in the open field and voluntary speed on a racetrac...

Relationships among individual variation in exercise capacity, resting metabolism and morphology may offer insights into the mechanistic basis of whole-animal performance, including possible performance trade-offs (e.g. burst versus sustainable exercise, resting ;maintenance' costs versus maximal power output). Although there have been several studies of correlations between performance, metabo...

The maximal capacity of the mitochondrial electron transport system (ETS) in intact cells is frequently estimated by promoting protonophore-induced maximal oxygen consumption preceded by inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation by oligomycin. In the present study, human glioma (T98G and U-87MG) and prostate cancer (PC-3) cells were titrated with different concentrations of the protonophore CCCP ...

AIMS Benefit from exercise training in heart failure has mainly been shown in men with ischaemic disease. We aimed to examine the effects of exercise training in heart failure patients < or = 75 years old of both sexes and with various aetiology. METHODS AND RESULTS Fifty-four patients with stable mild-to-moderate heart failure were randomized to exercise or control, and 49 completed the stud...

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Differences between anatomical severity and clinical manifestations are frequent in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Our objective was to assess functional capacity in a consecutive group of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy measuring exercise aerobic parameters, as well as clinical and echocardiographic variables. PATIENTS AND METHOD We studied 9...

Recent clinical and animal studies have suggested that ventricular-vascular coupling normally operates at either optimal ventricular efficiency (EFF = stroke work/myocardial oxygen consumption) or stroke work (SW) and that efficiency in particular is compromised by cardiac dysfunction. These distinctions between coupling states at maximal work vs. efficiency are largely based on theoretical mod...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a 6-month exercise program on submaximal walking economy in individuals with peripheral arterial disease and intermittent claudication (PAD-IC). Participants (n = 16) were randomly allocated to either a control PAD-IC group (CPAD-IC, n = 6) which received standard medical therapy, or a treatment PAD-IC group (TPAD-IC; n = 10) which took pa...

The reduction in maximal oxygen consumption in hypoxia can be due to physiological factors, the relative importance of which depends on the degree of hypoxia: the reduction in inspired PO2, the impairment of lung gas exchange contributing to an exercise-induced decrease in arterial O(2) saturation, the reduction in maximal cardiac output and the limitation in tissue diffusion. This paper focuse...