The following outline summarizes some suggestions about ways in which translation may be mechanized that were worked out by the authors in 19481952. The treatment is not exhaustive, and many modifications in detail would certainly be necessary should the ideas here mooted be put into active operation. It is considered, however, that it would be serviceable to describe the techniques here envisa...

We discuss some of the problems Noah had to face when he established his famous bagel business; Noah had to decide how many bagels of each flavor should be produced in each of his bakeries, subject to space, production and flavor popularities constraints. Noah’s goal was to find solutions that maximize his revenue (the revenue problem) while guaranteeing satisfaction to his customers (the balan...

Formal, modular, and mechanized verification of realistic systems code is desirable but challenging. Verification of machine context management (a basis of multi-tasking) is one representative example. With context operations occurring hundreds to thousands of times per second on every computer, their correctness deserves careful examination. Given the small and stable code bases, it is a commo...

Background & Aims of the Study: Nowadays, ionizing and non-ionizing radiation seems to have a vital role in all aspects human life. However, radiations such as infrared (IR) adversely affect visual system. This study aimed evaluate IR exposure occupational cataracts selected traditional automatic bakeries Qom Province, Iran. Materials Methods: cross-sectional was conducted modern with 306 w...

ion in AI and CS In the early days of CS, algorithms were often seen as an abstract formulation of procedures. Nowadays, this workshop illustrates well that category theory is associated to an abstract formulation of CS. The example of computer algebra teaches us that such methodologies do not amount to a full abstraction paradigm. Giunchiglia and Walsh introduced theories of abstraction for me...

Bread is a valuable food product that accepted as basic throughout the world and consumed frequently lovingly. Bread, which meets large amount of daily nutritional energy needs in societies where it at every meal, has long-term labor-intensive production process. The physical structure, technological equipment capacity, hygienic condition bakeries breads are produced, professional knowledge exp...