You wouldn't call it a long-term relationship, but the interaction between proteins and certain membrane lipids is not just a one-millisecond stand. As Hammond et al. discovered, the proteins remain attached to the lipids longer than researchers expected. The fi ndings explain how these lipids localize their effects. By temporarily hooking up with various proteins, inositol lipids in the plasma...

Over recent years, much progress has been made in the identification and characterization of factors involved in the biosynthesis of integral membrane proteins of the helix-bundle type. In addition, our knowledge of membrane protein structure and the forces stabilizing helix-helix interactions in a lipid environment is expanding rapidly. However, it is still not clear how a membrane protein fol...

Membrane proteins are essential for the survival of living organisms. They involved in important biological functions including transportation ions and molecules across cell membrane triggering signaling pathways. targets more than half modern medical drugs. Despite their significance, information about structural dynamics is lagging when compared to that globular proteins. The major challenges...

In spite of the functional importance of membrane proteins, information on their structure and organization is lacking due to the paucity of crystal structures. In the absence of a detailed crystallographic database, approaches based on fluorescence spectroscopy have proved useful in elucidating the organization, topology and orientation of membrane proteins. This review is focussed on the appl...

In reviewing the structures of membrane proteins determined up to the end of 2009, we present in words and pictures the most informative examples from each family. We group the structures together according to their function and architecture to provide an overview of the major principles and variations on the most common themes. The first structures, determined 20 years ago, were those of natur...

A number of proteins anchored on the cell surface function to protect host tissues from bystander injury when complement is activated. In humans, they include decay-accelerating factor (DAF, CD55), membrane cofactor protein (MCP, CD46), complement receptor 1 (CR1, CD35) and CD59. Although disease conditions directly attributable to abnormal function of these proteins are relatively rare, it has...

corn steep water as effluent which arrives in environment from starch processing industry has adverse effects on the environment and also large volume of fresh water is wasted. corn step water is composed of high concentration of proteins, sugar, starch, vitamin and minerals, so it can be used as substrate for production of biological products. hence, corn steep water concentration is important...

Nekrasova et al. “Overexpression, Solubilization and puri fication of rat and human olfactory receptors' Eur. J. Bio chem. (1996) 238: 28-37.* Kiefer, H., et al. (1996) Expression of an Olfactory Receptor in Escherichia coli: Purification, Reconstitution, and Ligand Binding. Biochemistry 35:10677-16084. Kiefer, H., et al. (1999) Refolding of G protein-coupled receptors from inclusion bodies pro...

One of the central paradigms of structural biology is that membrane proteins are "inside-out" proteins, in that they have a core of polar residues surrounded by apolar residues. This is the reverse of the characteristics found in water-soluble proteins. We have decided to test this paradigm, now that sufficient numbers of transmembrane alpha-helical structures are accessible to statistical anal...

Background: Secretory proteins of IgE receptor activated mast cells and basophils play a pivotal role in the generation of immediate and long term immune responses in allergy and type I hypersensitivity. Objective: The present study aims to generate a 2-D map and profile of proteins secreted from a high secretory variant of the rat basophilic leukemia cell line, RBL-2H3.1, which in view of the ...