Volunteers infected with Salmonella typhosa develop a remarkable hyperreactivity to the pyrogenic and subjective toxic activities of homologous (S. typhos) and heterologous (Pseudomonas) endotoxins. The present studies quantitate this augmented reactivity and demonstrate by three differing approaches that significant tolerance to these endotoxins can be readily induced within the framework of t...

BACKGROUND While typhoid fever is common in our environment, presentation with jaundice is unusual. The aim of this study has been to determine the clinical and laboratory features that allow early diagnosis of typhoid fever in patients that present with jaundice and differentiate it from other common causes of fever and jaundice in the tropics. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective study wa...

We are living with a lot of diseases related to fevers different names like Chikungunya fever, West Nile rheumatic Relapsing Rat-bite fever (sodoku), Haver hill Dengue Typhoid Scarlet Viral hemorrhagic etc.

Since Vi antigen is limited primarily to Salmonella typhi, it has been thought that detection of the antigen may be a useful method for diagnosing acute typhoid fever. The slide coagglutination method and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay have recently been suggested as ways to detect small quantities of Vi antigen in urine. In Santiago, Chile, we compared the results of these two methods in pa...

A study on the reliability of an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of typhoid fever, the ELISA-Ty test, was conducted, comprising 44 children suffering from bacteriologically confirmed typhoid fever based on the finding of a positive blood culture for Salmonella typhi, 44 children with fever caused by diseases other than typhoid fever based on the finding of negative c...

Understanding the host genetic susceptibility to typhoid fever may provide a better understanding of pathogenesis and help in the development of new therapeutics and vaccines. Here we determine the genetic variation within the human TLR4 gene encoding the principal receptor for bacterial endotoxin recognition in typhoid fever patients. It is possible that genetic variants of TLR4 could detrimen...

Typhoid (enteric) fever caused by Salmonella typhi is an important cause of morbidity and mortality (Buckle et al., 2010; Mogasale et al., 2014). The situation is further complicated by increased incidence in some countries of S. Paratyphi A as a cause of enteric fever (Crump et al., 2004). While both diseases share clinical features, paratyphoid fever tends to have a more benign course of illn...

objective febrile convulsion is the most common benign convulsive disorder in children. meningitis is one of the most important causes of fever and convulsions, diagnosed by lumbar puncture (lp), a painful and invasive procedure much debated  regarding its necessity. this study evaluates the frequency of abnormal lp findings in a group of patients, to determine whether or not unnecessary lp can...

Helicobacter pylori infection has been reported to increase the risk of cholera. This nested case-control study was conducted to determine whether H. pylori infection is associated with occurrence of typhoid fever. Eighty-three case subjects of culture-proven typhoid fever were identified through a 1-year surveillance of subjects aged 0-40 years in an urban slum. Two age- and sex-matched neighb...