INTRODUCTION Metabolic acidosis is a common problem in dialysis patients and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of protein-energy malnutrition in these patients. OBJECTIVES To assess the prevalence of metabolic acidosis in hemodialysis and search their association with nutritional status. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed in hemodialysis patients at a single center. Nut...

Chronic metabolic acidosis increases intestinal Na absorption, although through undefined mechanisms. Whether this occurs through enhanced expression and/or function of the brush-border Na+/H+ exchangers (NHE)2 and NHE3 is unknown. Metabolic acidosis was induced in rats by feeding ammonium chloride through their drinking water. Intestinal NHE activities were measured using brush-border 22Na+ up...

Nongap metabolic acidosis is a common form of both acute and chronic metabolic acidosis. Because derangements in renal acid-base regulation are a common cause of nongap metabolic acidosis, studies to evaluate renal acidification often serve as the mainstay of differential diagnosis. However, in many cases, information obtained from the history and physical examination, evaluation of the electro...

An index case is presented to introduce the subject of the acid-base and electrolyte abnormalities resulting from toluene abuse. These include metabolic acidosis associated with a normal anion gap and excessive loss of sodium and potassium in the urine. The major question addressed is, what is the basis for the metabolic acidosis? Overproduction of hippuric acid resulting from the metabolism of...

1. Peripheral blood leucocytes were studied before, and 48 h after acute induction in the rat of either uraemia (by bilateral ureteric ligation or bilateral nephrectomy) or of metabolic acidosis in the absence of uraemia (by ingestion of NH,Cl). 2. A significant, fourfold increase in polymorphonuclear leucocyte count was seen after bilateral ureteric ligation, but no increase occurred in sham-o...

introduction renal tubular acidosis (rta) is a non-uremic defects of urinary acidification. it is characterized by a normal anion gap hyperchloremic  metabolic acidosis; plasma potassium may be normal, low or high-depending on the type of rta. these syndromes differ from uremic acidosis which is associated with a high anion gap, decreased glomerular filtration with enhanced proton secretion by ...

The workup of the emergency patient with a raised anion gap metabolic acidosis includes assessment of the components of “MUDPILES” (methanol; uremia; diabetic ketoacidosis; paraldehyde; isoniazid, iron or inborn errors of metabolism; lactic acid; ethylene glycol; salicylates). This approach is usually sufficient for the majority of cases in the emergency department; however, there are many othe...

OBJECTIVE To review the mechanisms of metabolic acidosis in sepsis. DATA SOURCES Articles and published reviews on metabolic acidosis in sepsis. SUMMARY OF REVIEW Sepsis affects millions of patients each year and efforts to limit mortality have been limited. It is associated with many features one of which is acidosis which may be a result of the underlying pathophysiology (e.g. respiratory...

A 58-year-old man with Stage 3b chronic kidney disease and primary hyperparathyroidism treated with cinacalcet was admitted for acute cholecystitis. A cholecystostomy tube was placed, estimated glomerular filtration rate decreased, metabolic acidosis developed and ionized calcium increased from 1.33 to 1.76 mM despite cinacalcet administration. A sodium bicarbonate infusion corrected the metabo...