INTRODUCTION The liver is the largest organ in the body weighing 1200-1500g. It is a key organ in regulating homeostasis within the body. It regulates several important functions including protein synthesis, storage and metabolism of fats and carbohydrates, detoxification of drugs and other toxins, metabolism of hormones and excretion of bilirubin. Liver diseases are associated with distortion ...

Primary liver cancer (PLC) is a heterogeneous group of disorders arising with the background chronic disease (CLD) owing to varying etiologies. PLC carries high lethality rate and substantial epidemiological, clinical, financial burden, which projected escalate. The two most common histotypes in adults are hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cholangiocarcinoma (CC); latter sub-classified as either i...

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an increasingly common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide and is becoming a major public health problem. NAFLD has been recognized as a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome linked with insulin resistance. Growing evidence supports that NAFLD is associated with systemic diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), chronic kidney disease ...

Hepatic steatosis is a growing public health concern. Nonalcoholic fatty liver is increasingly common in Western societies and may lead to steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis, possibly triggered by lipid peroxidation. The relation of fatty liver to obesity, type II diabetes, and/or metabolic syndrome is significant. One aspect these related disorders share is increased serum-free fatty aci...

INTRODUCTION Metabolic syndrome causes insulin resistance and is associated with risk factor clustering, thereby increasing the risk of atherosclerosis. Recently, endothelial nitric oxide synthase deficient (eNOS-/-) mice have been reported to show metabolic disorders. Interestingly, eNOS has also been reported to be expressed in non-endothelial cells including adipocytes, but the functions of ...

the effects of chronic metabolic acidosis, alkalosis and alloxan-induced ketoacidosis on g6pd activity of rat kidney, liver and erythrocytes were studied. metabolic acidosis significantly increased the activity of kidney enzyme (55%) but decreased the liver (43%) and erythrocyte (38%) enzyme activities. alkalosis did not make a significant change in the kidney or liver enzyme activity but sligh...

Research in recent years on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)β/δ indicates that it plays a key role in the maintenance of energy homeostasis, both at the cellular level and within the organism as a whole. PPARβ/δ activation might help prevent the development of metabolic disorders, including obesity, dyslipidaemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. ...


 Objective: To describe the aetiology and clinical spectrum of acute liver failure infancy at a tertiary care hospital
 Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
 Place Duration Study: Department Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Children Hospital Institute Child Health, Lahore, from Nov 2020 to May 2021.
 Methodology: Infants under 12 months age were enro...

The presence of stray animals in megacities or small settlements is the result human activity. Stray dogs are direct contact with representatives wild fauna, influencing occurrence and spread various epizootics epidemics. animals, as a part society, can serve biological model for understanding influence environment on body. We conducted sectional study 32 aged from 2 years to 10 older. As resul...

OBJECTIVE To determine the frequency, presentation and outcome of various inherited metabolic diseases in children presenting in a tertiary care hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. STUDY DESIGN An observational study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Department of The Children Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore, from January 2011 to October 2014. ...