This article may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution , reselling , loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to da...

Parasitic manipulations of host behaviour are known from a wide range of host-parasite associations. However, the understanding of these phenomena is far from complete and detailed investigation of their proximate causes is needed. Many studies report behavioural modifications, such as altered feeding rates in tsetse fly (Glossina) infected with the mature transmissible stage (i.e. metacyclic) ...

This paper aimed to verify the influence of the inoculum source (blood or metacyclic trypomastigote) and the route of inoculation (intraperitoneal or conjunctival) on the course of T. cruzi infection in dogs, using comparatively the T. cruzi strains Berenice-62 and Berenice-78. All dogs inoculated intraperitoneally became infected independently of the T. cruzi strain and source of trypomastigot...

The African trypanosomes undergo extensive development as they proceed through their life cycle, producing a range of stages with distinct functions. In response to the somewhat treacherous, extracellular environments occupied by trypanosomes in their rather different hosts mammals and tsetse flies elaborate survival mechanisms are utilized. The best known of these is antigenic variation (revie...

A subgroup of the linear translation complement of a translation plane is geometrically irreducible if it has no invariant lines or subplanes. A similar definition can be given for "geometrically primitive". If a group is geometrically primitive and solvable then it is fixed point free or metacyclic or has a normal subgroup 2a+b a of order w where w divides the dimension of the vector space. Si...

We investigate loops defined upon the product Zm × Zk by the formula (a, i)(b, j) = ((a + b)/(1 + tf (0)f (0)), i + j), where f(x) = (sx + 1)/(tx + 1), for appropriate parameters s, t ∈ Z∗m. Each such loop is coupled to a 2-cocycle (in the group-theoretical sense) and this connection makes it possible to prove that the loop possesses a metacyclic inner mapping group. If s = 1, then the loop is ...