A comprehensive model evaluation has been conducted for MM5-CMAQ for the period of 1–10 July 1999 of the Southern Oxidants Study episode with a coarse-grid horizontal spacing of 32-km and a nested fine-grid spacing of 8-km. Meteorological and chemical predictions from simulations with both grids are compared with observations from both routine monitoring networks (e.g., CASTNet, IMPROVE, and AI...

conditional monitoring is prerequisite to prevent severe damage or falling down the trees. problems such as trunk decays, reduces trees resistance against wind and floods. in this study, a mathematical modeling technique is being selected to determine the trees strength against such events. finally, an applicable model for safety factor was created by having numeral (dimensions of crown and tru...

© British Birds 98 • May 2005 • 238-256 ABSTRACT Bird migration in and through Britain and Ireland shows great variation, both seasonally and annually. Much depends on atmospheric conditions, which can equally hinder and assist migration, both on a broad scale (the distribution, extent, intensity and movement of pressure patterns), and at a local level (temporal and spatial changes in wind, vis...

Wintertime sea surface heat flux variability across the Kuroshio Extension (KE) front is analyzed using two surface flux buoys moored on the northern and the southern sides of the KE front as well as the observation by Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for Earth Observation Satellite (AMSR-E). The combined use of the wind speed and the other AMSR-E products (the sea surface temperature and...

An intermediate-complexity, quasi–physically based, meteorological model (MicroMet) has been developed to produce high-resolution (e.g., 30-m to 1-km horizontal grid increment) atmospheric forcings required to run spatially distributed terrestrial models over a wide variety of landscapes. The following eight variables, required to run most terrestrial models, are distributed: air temperature, r...

[1] During the summer 1998, a strong pollution event was documented over Paris as part of the Etude et Simulation de la Qualité de l’air en Ile-de-France (ESQUIF) project (second intensive observation period (IOP2)). From 7 to 9 August 1998 the pollution event changes from a well-marked ozone plume issued from Paris to a more general pollution over the whole Ile-de-France region. Using a three-...

In this paper, a missing wind speed data temporal interpolation and extrapolation method in the wind energy industry was investigated. Given that traditional methods have previously ignored part of mixed uncertainty of wind speed, a concrete granular computing method is constructed and a new Measure–Correlate–Predict (MCP) method of wind speed data temporal interpolation and extrapolation consi...