Both the continuous and batch transesterification of linseed oil were examined in order to maximize the fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) yield. The continuous process was conducted in a packed bed reactor using calcium oxide as a heterogeneous catalyst. In addition, the impact of two variables, namely the molar ratio of methanol to oil and the flow rate (ml/min), on the FAME yield were stu...

Ketene (CH2=C=O) has been postulated as a key intermediate for the first olefin production in zeolite-catalyzed chemistry of methanol-to-olefins (MTO) and syngas-to-olefins (STO) processes. The reaction mechanism remains elusive, because short-lived ethenone ketene its derivatives are difficult to detect, which is further complicated by low expected concentration. We report on experimental dete...

The availability of large reserves of methane, which is the main component of most natural gas, makes it a very important feedstock molecule for the production of base chemicals (e.g. ethylene, propylene, and aromatics) and energy carriers (i.e. transportation fuels). More recently, the shale gas bonanza—particularly in the USA—as well as the presence of vast amounts of gas methane hydrates at ...

This paper considers the problem of selecting the most appropriate ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM), which is a polyolefin with a variety of usages in different areas. The metallocene catalyst, bis(2-phenyl indenyl) zirconium dichloride ((2-PhInd)2ZrCl2) was synthesized by a modified method and applied to the terpolymerization of ethylene, propylene, and 5-ethylidiene-2-norbornene (ENB)....

In this paper, the performances of potential zeolite membranes were estimated by the Maxwell-Stefan model and then they were placed in Robeson plot of propylene/propane separation. Additionally, the effects of feed pressure and the mole fraction of propylene in the feed on both the propylene permeabilities and membrane permselectivities were investigated. The results showed that zeolite membran...

The selectivity toward lower olefins during the methanol-to-olefins conversion over H-SAPO-34 at reaction temperatures between 573 and 773 K has been studied with a combination of operando UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and online gas chromatography. It was found that the selectivity toward propylene increases in the temperature range of 573-623 K, while it decreases in the temperature...