Soybean (Glycine max) cv Williams 82 suspension cultures exhibit an oxidative burst approximately 3 h after challenge with Pseudomonas syringae pv glycinea (Psg) harboring the avrA (avirulence) gene. Pretreatment with the tyrosine (Tyr) kinase inhibitor herbimycin A or the serine/threonine kinase inhibitor K252a abolished the burst and subsequent induction of glutathione S-transferase. However,...

Participation of phospholipase A (PLase A) in plant signal transduction has been documented for auxin stimulation of growth but not for elicitation of any plant defense response. In this paper, we report two independent assays for monitoring PLase A induction in plant cells and have used these assays to evaluate whether transduction of defense-related signals might require PLase A activation. O...

The oxidative burst has been suggested to be a primary event responsible for triggering the cascade of defense responses in various plant species against infection with avirulent pathogens or pathogen-derived elicitors. The molecular mechanisms of rapid production of active oxygen species (AOS), however, are not well known. We isolated homologs of gp91 phox, a plasma membrane protein of the neu...

Oxidative modification of LDL is causally involved in the development of atherosclerosis and occurs in vivo in the blood as well as within the vascular wall. The present study attempted to explore whether polyphenolic flavonoids influence monocyte-endothelium interaction and lectin-like oxidised LDL receptor 1 (LOX-1) expression involved in the early development of atherosclerosis. The flavones...

BACKGROUND Salvia seeds are promite to dietary and healthy oils because they contain essential fatty acids. Salvia seeds frequently produce mucilage on soaking, and this mucilage is used for the treatment of eye diseases in eastern countries. Salvia species studied for medicine, food and cosmetics, have the potential to be used in the various fields. In the present study, selected engineering (...

The rapid release of HzOz by elicited plant cells, recently termed the oxidative burst, was investigated in suspension-cultured soybean (Glycine max Merr. cv Kent) cells stimulated with a purified polygalacturonic acid (PCA) elicitor. Examination of the elicited cells by fluorescence microscopy revealed that virtually every living cell participates in the elicitor-induced H202 burst. Measuremen...

Endothelial dysfunction precedes hypertension and atherosclerosis and predicts cardiac allograft vasculopathy and death in heart transplant recipients. Endothelial overproduction of reactive oxygen species, such as superoxide anions produced by NAD(P)H oxidase, induces endothelial dysfunction. Because immunosuppressive drugs have been associated with increased reactive oxygen species production...

Seven men and seven women participated in a randomized crossover trial to study the effect of intake of parsley (Petroselinum crispum), containing high levels of the flavone apigenin, on the urinary excretion of flavones and on biomarkers for oxidative stress. The subjects received a strictly controlled diet low in flavones and other naturally occurring antioxidants during the 2 weeks of interv...