We present a three-dimensional coupled surface graph cut algorithm for carotid wall segmentation from Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Using cost functions that highlight both inner and outer vessel wall borders, the method combines the search for both borders into a single graph cut. Our approach requires little user interaction and can robustly segment the bifurcation section of the carotid ...

Electron microscopic cytochemical procedures were used to determine the cellular location of acid phosphatase in the fungus Humicola lutea grown in casein-containing medium lacking in mineral orthophosphates. In our investigations acid phosphatase in nongerminating conidia was localized on the outer side of the cell wall, in the cell wall, and on the exterior surface of the plasma membrane. The...

The localization of acid phosphatase during xylem development has been examined in the bean, Phaseolus vulgaris. The azo dye, the final reaction product, is initially prominent in the dictyosomes, vesicles apparently participating in secondary wall formation, and in the middle lamella of the young vessel element. Final reaction particles are also present in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and certa...

The fungal cell wall is a dynamic organelle required for cell shape, protection against the environment and, in pathogenic species, recognition by the innate immune system. The outer layer of the cell wall is comprised of glycosylated mannoproteins with the majority of these post-translational modifications being the addition of O- and N-linked mannosides. These polysaccharides are exposed on t...

Many wall-bounded turbulent flows are characterized by a complex interaction between the outer shear layer, the structure of which is similar to a free shear layer, and an inner layer, which is essentially a perturbed boundary layer. Examples in which such an interaction occurs are separated flows recovering from reattachment, wall jets used in the context of wall cooling, heating and separatio...

The recent improvements in chemotherapy and surgical resection in Ewing sarcoma (ES) increased the overall survival as well as the importance of chest wall reconstruction. These improvements are in order to avoid asymmetrical growth, functional and cosmetic compromise after surgery. Chest wall reconstruction still remains a big issue in young patients with ES. We present a case of ES of the lef...

bordetella pertussis infects the respiratory tract of the human host and causes whooping cough in children. the nature of immunity against bordetella pertussis infection and disease is poorly understood. the aim of this study was to investigate cell mediated immunity in mice immunized with outer membrane component of cell wall, of b. pertussis. a group of mice were immunized with outer membrane...

The effect of imposed magnetic field on natural convection in a tilted cavity with partially active walls was investigated numerically. The active part of the right side wall was at a higher temperature than the active part of the left side wall and were moving on vertical walls relative to each other. The top, the bottom and the remaining parts of the side walls were insulated. The magnetic fi...