The increasing sophistication of military systems and decreasing time frame for making decisions make it essential to provide the military commander better quality information faster. With today's technology, messages can traverse several thousand miles in fractions of a second, but hours are lost at either end, both in entering the message into the communications system and in delivering it to...

Two important recent trends in military and civilian communications have been the increasing tendency to base operations around an internal network, and the increasing threats to communications infrastructure. In the civilian sphere, the threat is from terrorist attacks, while in the military sphere this comes from the increasing tendency to view communications networks as high-value targets. T...

Direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) signaling techniques are often used in conjunction with digital signal processors to combat undesired interference in both military and civilian communications systems. Although spread spectrum signals are inherently robust with respect to non-white interference, the extent to which such interference aaects communications reliability depends on the system'...

Using a combination of domain names and user counts, this paper provides an assessment of the global distribution of Internet content creation at the national and urban level and the structure of the supply and demand for this content at the national level. Theories of export based development are used to assess the strengths and weaknesses of countries' Internet presence and the ramifications ...

During the last decade several standards for Mobile telecommunications have been developed. The best known is without any doubt the Global Standard for Mobile Communications (GSM) which is operational in many countries, both within and outside Europe. It is now the most successful standard for mobile communications. Also the Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT) was successfully i...

This paper presents an investigation of command and control during Multi-Agency Operations; the purpose of this study was to elaborate on known themes associated with multi-agency emergency response, through a study of the successful combined military and civilian defence of Walham electricity substation from rising flood water in July 2007. This case study demonstrates that effective coordinat...

Communication with home can be beneficial to deployed service members' mental health, morale, and occupational effectiveness. Conversely a lack of communication with home increases the risk of developing mental health problems. Therefore it is important to ensure that communications media is both affordable and accessible while on deployment. However, contact with families can sometimes have ne...

Photonic networking technologies have the potential to revolutionise future military aircraft data communications, delivering substantial improvements in networking performance, reliability, cost and security. More particularly, wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) can provide a huge bandwidth-to-weight ratio as well as enhanced routing flexibility, connectivity and network survivability. In ...

High Altitude Platforms (HAPs) are quasi-stationary vehicles in stratosphere, i.e. between the operational space of the terrestrial and satellite communications equipments. The solar-powered airplanes, airships or balloons can serve in the role of HAPs. The HAPs and their applications offer potential benefits for the delivery of communications services, internet multimedia, remote sensing and n...