This paper explores the impact of the EU on civil society in domestic public accountability contests. Evidence drawn from three case studies of public policy involving an actual member-State (the UK), a new member-State (leading candidate for accession at the time of writing) (the Czech Republic), and a poorly performing candidate (Romania) support the conclusion that the EU empowers domestic a...

Social-learning models of drug motivation and relapse often include the constructs of affect and drug expectancies. Most research has taken a molar approach to examining relations between these constructs and level of drug use. An experiment examined the roles of affect and expectancies in multiple measures of situation-specific motivation to smoke tobacco. Undergraduate smokers (n = 101) recei...

Here we describe a technique to exploit the differential atmospheric paths sampled by ATSR-2 imagery to separate the contributions from atmospheric aerosol and land surface scattering, for the solar reflective channels. The result is an image of the land surface reflectance, relatively uncontaminated by atmospheric scattering, and a separate image of the atmospheric aerosol loading. A general m...

The study identified and evaluated the options for population-level government policies to increase the prevalence of homes free of secondhand smoke (SHS). We used three criteria to evaluate the policy options: effectiveness, the reductions on inequalities in SHS exposure, and cost-effectiveness. Evidence indicates some association between relatively comprehensive tobacco control programmes and...

These lectures summarize and organize the material appearing in: Smoke and Mirrors: Combinatorial properties of small cardinals equiconsistent with huge cardinals. • Much of the early history of logic in general and model theory in particular was tied up with understanding the expressive power of first and second order logic (and their variants). • One distinguishing feature of first order logi...

A typical confocal resonator for THz radiation produced by an FEL will have a waist that is larger than the gap of the undulator. Hence waveguiding is required. Here we consider a resonator consisting of two spherical mirrors and a cylindrical waveguide in between. The radii of curvature for the mirrors are chosen to image the ends of the waveguide onto themselves. We discuss the properties of ...

Nowadays, dispersive mirrors are able to cover the wavelength range of 4.5 optical octaves and can be used from 220 nm up to 4500 nm. Various design approaches to dispersive mirrors in visible and near IR are briefly discussed. We consider in more detail two dispersive mirrors representing extreme cases. The first one is a mirror working in the range of 290−360 nm and providing group delay dis...

A typical confocal resonator for THz radiation produced by an FEL will have a waist that is larger than the gap of the undulator. Hence waveguiding is required. Here we consider a resonator consisting of two spherical mirrors and a cylindrical waveguide in between. The radii of curvature for the mirrors are chosen to image the ends of the waveguide onto themselves. We discuss the properties of ...

A portable device for in situ metrology of synchrotron X-ray mirrors based on the near-field speckle scanning technique has been developed. Ultra-high angular sensitivity is achieved by scanning a piece of abrasive paper or filter membrane in the X-ray beam. In addition to the compact setup and ease of implementation, a user-friendly graphical user interface has been developed to ensure that op...