A reduced capacity for mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscle has been proposed as a major factor leading to the accumulation of intramuscular lipids and their subsequent deleterious effects on insulin action. Here, we examine markers of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidative capacity in rodent models of insulin resistance associated with an oversupply of lipids. C57BL/6J mice were f...

OBJECTIVES This study examines the relationship between synovial hypoxia and cellular bioenergetics with synovial inflammation. METHODS Primary rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (RASF) were cultured with hypoxia, dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) or metabolic intermediates. Mitochondrial respiration, mitochondrial DNA mutations, cell invasion, cytokines, glucose and lactate were quantified...

PURPOSE The effects of carnitine depletion upon exercise performance and skeletal muscle mitochondrial function remain largely unexplored. We therefore investigated the effect of N-trimethyl-hydrazine-3-propionate (THP), a carnitine analog inhibiting carnitine biosynthesis and renal carnitine reabsorption, on physical performance and skeletal muscle mitochondrial function in rats. METHODS Mal...

A growing number of publications presenting results from sequencing natural history collection specimens reflect the importance DNA sequence information such samples. Ancient extraction and library preparation methods in combination with target gene capture are a way unlocking archival DNA, including formalin-fixed wet-collection material. Here we report on an experiment, which used RNA bait se...

Tumor undergo uncontrolled, excessive proliferation leads to hypoxic microenvironment. To fulfill their demand for nutrient, and oxygen, tumor angiogenesis is required. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been known to the main source of angiogenesis because of their potential to differentiation into endothelial cells. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of EPC-mediated angiogenesis in ...

The Malayan tapir (Tapirus indicus) is an endangered species endemic to Southeast Asia. Previous research have used maternally inherited, mitochondrial DNA genetic markers investigate the population genetics of but not biparentally nuclear markers. However, increasing pressure habitat fragmentation and roadkill on tapirs has called for urgent need assess species’ status. In this study, diversit...

background: traditionally, morphological features of rhipicephalus (boophilus) annulatus from closely-related ticks have been considered for their identification and differentiation. however, it is difficult and requires expertise in order to accurately identify and differentiate engorged female ticks and some developmental stages such as larva and nymph from other similar ticks. hence, molecul...

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, previous studies on the inheritance of mitochondrial genes controlling antibiotic resistance have shown that some crosses produce a substantial number of uniparental zygotes, which transmit to their diploid progeny mitochondrial alleles from only one parent. In this paper, we show that uniparental zygotes are formed especially when one parent (majority parent) contr...

Sirtuins (SIRTs) are a family of histone deacetylases which epigenetically regulate major cell functions. This review analyzes the role SIRTs in controlling oxidation-reduction reactions cells stress. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction among causes development neurodegenerative pathologies – Alzheimer’s disease (AD) Parkinson’s (PD). supporting antioxidant defense neurons may play a...

The tissue-specific role of mitochondrial respiratory capacity in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes is unclear. We determined mitochondrial function in glycolytic and oxidative skeletal muscle and liver from lean (+/?) and obese diabetic (db/db) mice. In lean mice, the mitochondrial respiration pattern differed between tissues. Tissue-specific mitochondrial profiles were...