A nearly monomineralic 1.5 m thick bentonite bed sampled in Melo (Uruguay) appears to be a pure high-charge montmorillonite: [Si3.94 Al0.06] (Al1.40 Fe0.11 Ti0.02 Mg0.49 Mn0.01) O10 (OH)2 Na0.01 K0.08 Ca0.18. However, contrasting swelling behaviors have been evidenced by fitting the experimental X-ray diffraction patterns recorded on oriented preparations of the same sample in different saturat...

The Chah-Shur clay deposit is located in150 km southeast of Isfahan. Eocene igneous rocks ‎and Quaternary deposits cover the area. Eocene volcanic rocks include andesite and tuffs ‎which relating to magmatic activities of Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic belt. Alteration of the ‎vitric and lithic tuff units has produced the clay deposit. Based on the petrographic studies, ‎the main minerals in tuff uni...

This study was performed to analyze the relationship among sebum . hydration content of the skin and nutritional intake, serum antioxidant minerals and antioxidant enzymes, and lipid peroxide concentration in 50 female subjects in their 20s. The skin type was divided into Dry Skin, Mixed Skin, and Oily Skin, and the dry skin group was 14%, the mixed skin group was 56%, and the oily skin group w...

Clay minerals are considered as a promising material in the context of geological barrier for confinement radioactive and industrial waste. Understanding usefulness smectite mineral, this approach, remains insufficient. The deep investigation about structural response/changes, hydrate stability, cation exchange process, permeability, heavy metal/radionuclide adsorption/removal efficiency under ...

Background. The aim of the study was to assess some selected minerals (Ca, Mg, Na, K, P, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn) in different types of breadstuff. Moreover, the frequency of breadstuff consumption was determined in a selected group of students at one of Lublin universities. Material and methods. The material for the study was breadstuff available on the consumer market, produced from wheat and rye flou...

Reductive immobilization of uranium by the stimulation of dissimilatory metal-reducing bacteria (DMRB) has been investigated as a remediation strategy for subsurface U(VI) contamination. In those environments, DMRB may utilize a variety of electron acceptors, such as ferric iron which can lead to the formation of reactive biogenic Fe(II) phases. These biogenic phases could potentially mediate a...

Humic substances (HS) are redox-active compounds that are ubiquitous in the environment and can serve as electron shuttles during microbial Fe(III) reduction thus reducing a variety of Fe(III) minerals. However, not much is known about redox reactions between HS and the mixed-valent mineral magnetite (Fe3O4) that can potentially lead to changes in Fe(II)/Fe(III) stoichiometry and even dissolve ...

Historians attribute the Egyptians in the Nile Delta with preparing the first type of paper, from a marsh grass called Cyperus papyrus. They cut the plant’s stem into thin strips, softened them in the river, and then pounded them into thin sheets that were then left to dry in the sun. The resulting sheets were ideal for writing on, and Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans used them for record keeping,...

 Minerals are vital for life. Most minerals have more than one function in the body and contribute to the body's structure, cellular processes, and the immune system.  The vast majority of the 25 minerals required are provided by the diet.  Of the 7 macro minerals (i.e. required in large amounts) required, only 2 are deficient when the majority of the diet is pasture (magnesium and calcium)....