We represent the Brownian model for continuous traits with phylogenetic dependence as a variance components model, allowing for the novel estimation of edge weights for every branch of a tree graph. We show that maximum likelihood estimation carries an inherent bias often shrinking internal edges to zero, which is troublesome because this estimate is intended to compare covariance structures as...

The statistical analysis of repeated measures or longitudinal data always requires the accommodation of the covariance structure of the repeated measurements at some stage in the analysis. The general linear mixed model is often used for such analyses, and allows for the specification of both a mean model and a covariance structure. Often the covariance structure itself is not of direct interes...

In this paper the concept and design of a software framework which provides a transparent data flow for interactive Mixed Reality (MR) applications is discussed. The design was affected by our demands on platform independency, simplicity, network transparency, maximum performance and availability of runtime debugging facilities. Our software framework tries to simplify the development of MR app...

In this paper, we discuss the properties of mixed graphs which visualize causal relationships between the components of multivariate time series. In these Granger-causality graphs, the vertices, representing the components of the time series, are connected by arrows according to the Granger-causality relations between the variables whereas lines correspond to contemporaneous conditional associa...

We propose the concepts of Virtual Light and Virtual Shadow with the aim of achieving a Mixed Reality Environment focused on shadows. In this proposal, we divide the concept of Virtual Shadow into four categories, and among them, implement four types of interactive applications: ( a) real to virtual shadow for rigid objects, (b) real to virtual shadow for non-rigid objects, ( c ) image-based vi...

Alternative acyclic directed mixed graphs (ADMGs) are graphs that may allow causal effect identification in scenarios where Pearl’s original ADMGs may not, and vice versa. Therefore, they complement each other. In this paper, we introduce a sound algorithm for identifying arbitrary causal effects from alternative ADMGs. Moreover, we show that the algorithm is complete for identifying the causal...

We have been developing a mixed reality system to support road maintenance using overlaid visual aids. Such a system requires a positioning method that can provide sub-meter accuracy even if the appearance of the road surface changes significantly caused by many factors such as construction phase, time and weather. Therefore, we are developing a real-time, wide-range worker positioning method t...

This paper studies the preferences of tourists visiting the island of Sardinia (Italy), by means of a choice modelling approach. The focus is on some specific demand-enhancing effects which should confirm the feasibility of implementing sustainable tourism policies. Multinomial logit estimations reveal the strong negative effects resulting from the congestion of tourist attractions and the majo...