Hurricane and tropical storm statistics verify the modulation of eastern Pacific tropical systems by the Madden– Julian oscillation (MJO) as hypothesized by Maloney and Hartmann. Over twice as many named tropical systems (hurricanes and tropical storms) accompany equatorial 850-mb westerly anomalies than accompany equatorial easterly anomalies, and the systems that do exist are stronger. Hurric...

The kinematic and thermodynamic characteristics of the October and November 2011 Madden–Julian oscillations (MJOs) that occurred over the Indian Ocean during Dynamics of the MJO (DYNAMO) are investigated. Analyses are presented 1) for two primary sounding arrays, where results are independent of model parameterizations, and 2) on larger scales, including the Indian Ocean, using operational and ...

A stochastic barotropic model linearized about the 850-mb flow is used to investigate the relationship between wind variations associated with the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) and eddy kinetic energy variations in the Tropics. Such a model is successful in predicting the observed location of eddy kinetic energy maxima during the westerly phase of the MJO and the suppression of eddy activity ...

The connections between the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) and Arctic (AO) are examined in both observations model forecasts. In observations, time-lag composites carried out for AO indices anomalies of 1,000-hPa geopotential height after an active or inactive initial MJO. results show that when is its positive (negative) phase at time, activity generally enhanced (weakened) Reforecast data 11...

Title of Document: MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION AND SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE INTERACTIONS IN A MULTI-SCALE FRAMEWORK Lei Zhou, Ph. D., 2009 Directed By: Prof. Murtugudde, Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences/ESSIC The ocean-atmosphere coupling can play a role in initiating and sustaining the Madden-Julian Oscillations (MJOs), which are the major intraseasonal oscillations in the atmospher...

Using the new Argo array of profiling floats that gives unprecedented space-time coverage of the upper 2000 meters of the global ocean, we present definitive evidence of a deep tropical ocean component of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO). The surface wind stress anomalies associated with the MJO force eastward-propagating oceanic equatorial Kelvin waves that extend downward to 1500 meters. T...

The impact of diurnal precipitation over Sumatra Island, the Indonesian Maritime Continent (MC), on synoptic disturbances eastern Indian Ocean is examined using high-resolution rainfall data from Global Satellite Mapping Precipitation project and Japanese 55-year Reanalysis during rainy season September to April for period 2000–2014. When cycle strong, high area observed in afternoon migrates o...

The Madden–Julian Oscillation’s (MJO’s) “skeleton” is its fundamental features on intraseasonal/planetary scales: (i) slow eastward phase speed of roughly 5 m/s, (ii) peculiar dispersion relation with dω/dk ≈ 0, and (iii), horizontal quadrupole vortex structure. The MJO skeleton model is a minimal, nonlinear oscillator model that captures these three features together. The fundamental mechanism...

The influence of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) on precipitation over Tibetan Plateau (TP) during boreal summer is investigated using observational and reanalysis data 1980–2020. results show that most areas eastern TP increases (decreases) in MJO Phases 1–2 (5–6), especially when eastward-propagating active convection located Indian Ocean (Western Pacific) Phase 2 (6). significant negativ...