A new method bused on MLE-OED is proposed for unsupervised image segmentation of multiple objects which have fuzzy edges. It adjusts the parameters of a mixture of Gaussian distributions via minimizing a new loss function proposed to implement image segmentation bused on the image’s local spatial information and global intensity distribution properties . The loss function consists of two terms:...

Our study focused on the antioxidant activities of Mosidae leaf ethanol extract (MLE) and included measurements of reducing power, total phenolic compounds, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. In order to determine whether or not MLE evidences any chemopreventive activities, experimental lung metastasis was induced via the i.v. inoculation of colon26-M3.1...

Glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzymes protect cells against xenobiotics and oxidative stress products through an electrophilic conjugation process. We investigated the theta (GSTT1) and mu (GSTM1) null genotypes in a group of leukopenic subjects and normal subjects from Northeast Brazil, evaluating their use as biomarkers of susceptibility for developing leukopenia. In a sample-based case-con...

BACKGROUND Topical application of corticosteroids also has an influence on skin barrier impairment. Physiological lipid mixtures, such as multi-lamellar emulsion (MLE) containing a natural lipid component leads to effective recovery of the barrier function. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to conduct an evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy and skin barrier protection of topical momet...

In Drosophila melanogaster and in Sciara ocellaris dosage compensation occurs by hypertranscription of the single male X chromosome. This article reports the cloning and characterization in S. ocellaris of the gene homologous to maleless (mle) of D. melanogaster, which implements dosage compensation. The Sciara mle gene produces a single transcript, encoding a helicase, which is present in both...

The uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimator (UMVUE) and the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) are derived for samples from uniform distribution in the presence of outliers, where outliers are generated from generalized uniform distribution (GUD), when one parameter of the GUD is known. In this case it has been shown that UMVUE is better than MLE. When both the parameters are unknown then...

Heisey et al. (2010), in an interesting paper, try to address a very difficult problem of analyzing spatially referenced, age specific prevalence data. The general goal of the analysis is to understand how force of infection changes as a function of age, time, and space. To further complicate matters, all the data considered in the paper are censored observations. Binary data are notoriously di...

We find limiting distributions of the nonparametric maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) of a log-concave density, that is, a density of the form f0 = expφ0 where φ0 is a concave function on R. The pointwise limiting distributions depend on the second and third derivatives at 0 of Hk , the “lower invelope” of an integrated Brownian motion process minus a drift term depending on the number of vani...

We isolated multiple copies of mariner-like element (MLE) from the pink bollworm (PBW), Pectinophora gossypiella, a key lepidopteran cotton pest. Although all the MLE sequences contain multiple mutations accumulated in their transposase coding region, the consensus sequence revealed a putative ancestral transposase encoding 339 amino acid residues with a D,D(34)D motif, and 36 bp inverted termi...

The large-sample properties of likelihood-based statistical inference under mixture models have received much attention from statisticians. Although the consistency of the nonparametric MLE is regarded as a standard conclusion, many researchers ignore the precise conditions required on the mixture model. An incorrect claim of consistency can lead to false conclusions even if the mixture model u...