In this paper, we will aim at contributing to the linguistic characterization of verb ter de/ter que [have to], pointing out some particularities that individualize it among modal semi-auxiliaries Portuguese. We gather information from morphology, syntax, semantics and textual discourse linguistics, also observed in examples collected CETEMPúblico corpus. The semi-auxiliary de, like dever [must...

The purpose of this paper is to account in a generalized way for two facts about negation in Chinese. One is that the Chinese negative marker bu cannot co-occur with the perfective aspect marker le; the other is that the Chinese negative marker bu is incompatible with the manner phrase in the V-de construction. We claim that the functional category NegP postulated by Pollock (1989) can be exten...

The main purpose of this paper is to provide experimental evidence that two syntactic reflexes of split intransitivity in German the selection of perfective auxiliaries and the impersonal passive construction are sensitive to an aspectual/thematic hierarchy of verb classes. We show that there is a split between ‘core’ verbs that elicit categorical intuitions from native speakers, and ‘intermedi...

The present study deals with modal verb meanings and variation concerning these verbs in a corpus of texts the field tourism. For this, we will use compilation article introductions conclusions written English published specialized leading journals on Modal are important to evince authors’ stance propositional content (Palmer, 2001; Biber, Johansson, Leech, Conrad & Finegan, 1999). Our main are...

1 Introduction Restructuring verbs (Rizzi 1982) exhibit certain properties: they trigger clitic climbing, long NP-Movement and auxiliary change. The aim of this paper is to propose a mechanism which is able to give a unitary account of this class of verbs. The analysis will focus mainly on the first two properties and will be carried out within the framework of Head-Driven Phrase Structure Gram...

This paper discusses whether there are elements in spoken Sinhala that can be appropriately labeled auxiliary verbs, adopting the framework of grammaticalization theory (Hopper and Traugott 1993). While auxiliaries are thought of as a nearly universal cross-linguistic category (Steele 1978), the term is not mentioned in standard works on Sinhala (Gair and Paolillo 1997, Gair 1998). On the basis...

This two-part article critically reviews eight recent works in the field of mood and modality. Part I explores three different theoretical approaches – generative, cognitive–pragmatic, and typological – with the main focus on languages other than English. Within the framework of generative grammar, research issues include: the epistemic-root interpretations of modal verbs; transitive–intransiti...

The Unaccusativity Hypothesis (UH) holds that intransitive verbs are divided into two broad classes, namely unaccusatives and unergatives. While there is evidence that the UH holds cross-linguistically, it is known that languages do not divide the intransitives into two uniform groups. We investigate the unaccusative-unergative distinction in Turkish by an offline grammaticality judgment task u...