The interest in Malaysian English generated many studies on focusing various grammatical features. However, modality is still under-researched, especially post-independence and new Englishes contexts. As a variety of English, it raises questions how has developed from the historical input variety, i.e., British resistant or accepting to American which highly influential globally. This study aim...

meaning. As Lehmann (1995[1982]:129) puts it, “[g]rammaticalization rips off the lexical features until only the grammatical features are left”. The original meaning of a grammaticalizing item plays an important role in its further development (Hopper & Traugott 1993:3). That is, the etymology of a grammaticalizing item constrains its subsequent grammatical functions. This property is called pe...

Abstract The communication of a scientific finding as certain or uncertain largely determines whether that information will be translated into practice. In this study, corpus 80 articles published in the British Medical Journal for over 167 years (1840–2007) is analysed by focusing on three categories uncertainty markers, which explicitly reveal writer’s subjectivity: (1) I/we epistemic verbs; ...

Dil, küresel varlığımızı bir arada tutan zamktır. Şiir ve yazılarla ufukta ilk kez ortaya görünen İngilizce; modern dönemdeki lingua franca (ortak dil)’dir. Disiplinler arası boyutuyla bilim dalı olan dilbilim, sadece dilleri değil, aynı zamanda Kürtçe Türkçe gibi eski dillere de uygulanmaktadır tüm kapsamaktadır. Bu bağlamda, üç dili karşılaştırmak makuldür. çalışma, dilin başlangıç noktası ol...

lexical concepts. Furthermore, more specific sets of the modifier relation (MO) and its subclasses may model the verbs in a more meaningful way. At last, future studies will need to address the problem of polysemy of the verbs both in corpus-based evidence and human association scores. To summarize, using dependency parses allows us to exploit verbs with separated verb particles. This enlarges ...

This study explored the competence of Saudi EFL students in use English modality. It aimed to: 1) Identify students’ level regarding modal verbs; 2) Identity modal(s) they most accurately; 3) Examine whether there is a significant difference their ability attributed to semantic function expressed by modality; and 4) Determine impacts modals. An existing test was adapted, developed, administered...

This book is about those Germanic verbal constructions variously referred ...