Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease is a more common neurodegenerative disease, affecting 25 million people worldwide, or accounting for about 60 to 70% of all dementia cases. There currently no exact mechanism explain the pathophysiology however, cascading metabolic amyloid and post-translational review tau protein are used as major hypotheses. Objective: To demonstrate in literature new approac...

Background: Bone mineral density (BMD) changes during the course of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The present study was designed to investigate the status of BMD in patients with RA treated with anti-rheumatic drugs. Methods: BMD at the femoral neck (FN-BMD) and lumbar spine (LS-BMD) were measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) method using Norland densitometer. Disease activity (DA) wa...

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ixekizumab alone or with concomitant conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (cDMARDs) versus placebo in patients with active psoriatic arthritis (PsA) as part of a SPIRIT-P1 subgroup analysis (NCT01695239). Methods Patients were stratified by cDMARD use (concomitant cDMARDs use (including methotrexate) or none (past or naïve use)) a...

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the level of nonpersistence (NP) and nonadherence (NA) to methotrexate (MTX) therapy in German patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). MATERIALS AND METHODS Based on German claims data, RA patients who received a MTX therapy (subgroup: treatment-naive patients) were analyzed. NP was defined as treatment gap >12 weeks. Regarding NA, it is the overall medic...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the trends in patterns of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and biological agents use from 1999 to 2009 and to identify patient characteristics associated with different patterns of their use in a national sample of Veterans with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). DESIGN A retrospective cohort study. SETTINGS Administrative databases of the USA Department of Vete...

OBJECTIVE To determine the survival and clinical effectiveness of leflunomide (LEF) compared with methotrexate (MTX) and sulfasalazine (SSZ) for RA in an observational study. METHODS An observational database of 1088 patients and 5141 patient years of DMARD treatment (2680 courses) from two academic hospitals was filtered for treatment with LEF, MTX, and SSZ. LEF treatment groups were matched...

BACKGROUND Low adherence to medicines is an important issue as up to 40% of patients with chronic diseases do not take their medications as prescribed. This leads to suboptimal clinical benefit. In the context of rheumatoid arthritis, there is a dearth of data on adherence to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs among minority ethnic groups. This study aims to assess the relationship between a...

At the population level, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is generally viewed as autoimmune in nature with a small subgroup of cases having a palindromic form or systemic autoinflammatory disorder (SAID) phenotype. Herein, we describe resistant cases of classical autoantibody associated RA that had clinical, genetic and therapeutic responses indicative of coexistent autoinflammatory disease. Five pati...

OBJECTIVES To describe current disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) prescription in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with reference to best practice and to identify temporal and regional trends in the UK. DESIGN Descriptive, register-based cohort study. PARTICIPANTS Permanently registered patients aged ≥18 years with a recorded diagnosis of RA between 1 January 1995 and 31 March 2010 and...

The disease modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) methotrexate (MTX) is widely used and well accepted for the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In ankylosing spondylitis (AS), the use of MTX is not recommended for the axial manifestations and may have some efficacy in the peripheral involvement. For this disease there is a lack of clinical trials, and most of the trials did n...