The United States Pharmacopeia (USP) General Chapters Dissolution 〈711〉 and Disintegration and Dissolution of Dietary Supplements 〈2040〉 allows the use of enzymes in dissolution media when gelatin capsules do not conform to dissolution specifications due to cross linking. Possible interactions between enzymes and surfactants when used together in dissolution media could result in loss of the en...

This study investigates the crystallization of the endogenous surfactant nonoxynol 100 in Eudragit NE30D-free films during storage and the influences of nonoxynol 100 on the dissolution of diphenhydramine hydrochloric acid (HCl) pellets coated with Eudragit NE30D before and after aging at ambient conditions. Polarizing light microscopy showed that when Eudragit NE30D-free films were stored at a...

Introduction Dissolution testing is routinely carried out in the pharmaceutical industry to determine the rate of dissolution of solid dosage forms. In addition to being a regulatory requirement, in-vitro dissolution testing is used to assist with formulation design, process development, and the demonstration of batch-to-batch reproducibility in production. The most common of such dissolution t...

Using two complimentary approaches (pore water advection/diffusion/ reaction modeling and stable isotope mass balance calculations) we show that carbonate dissolution/reprecipitation occurs on early diagenetic time scales across a broad range of sediments on the Great Bahamas Bank. The input of oxygen into the sediments, which strongly controls sediment carbonate dissolution, has two major sour...

This study explored the application of 400-DS dissolution apparatus 7 for individual pellet dissolution methodology by a design of experiment approach and compared its capability with that of the USP dissolution apparatus 1 and 2 for differentiating the coat quality of sustained release pellets. Drug loaded pellets were prepared by extrusion-spheronization from powder blends comprising 50%, w/w...

Weathering rates of silicate minerals observed in the laboratory are in general up to five orders of magnitude higher than those inferred from field studies. Simple calculations show that even if the field conditions were fully simulated in standard laboratory experiments, it would be impossible to measure the slow rates of mineral dissolution that are observed in the field. As it is not possib...

A model was developed to describe the overall dissolution kinetics of semicrystalline PVA gels prepared by freezing and thawing techniques. The dissolution process was described as a three-step mechanism: detachment-, diffusion-, and disentanglement-controlled dissolution. The unfolding of crystalline regions due to detachment and diffusion was calculated. The lamellar thickness of a PVA crysta...

The rate-limiting step to drug absorption is often dissolution from the dosage form, especially for poorly soluble compounds. Two possibilities for improving the dissolution of these drugs are to increase the available surface area and to improve their apparent solubilities under physiologically relevant conditions with surfactants as wetting agents. Albendazole (ABZ), one of the most effective...

Over recent years, drug release/dissolution from solid pharmaceutical dosage forms has been the subject of intense and profitable scientific developments. Whenever a new solid dosage form is developed or produced, it is necessary to ensure that drug dissolution occurs in an appropriate manner. The pharmaceutical industry and the registration authorities do focus, nowadays, on drug dissolution s...

[1] Biogenic silica (bSiO2) dissolution plays an important role in the marine silicon cycle, diatom production and vertical export production. An ocean ecosystem model that incorporates dependency of bSiO2 dissolution on water temperature was used to examine the effects of bSiO2 dissolution on diatom production and bSiO2 export. Diatoms dominate with higher bSiO2 dissolution rates because of en...