Introduction During the pioneering days of the electric utility industry, it was believed that utilities were natural monopolies, meaning that one utility could service a geographic area more cheaply than any combination of smaller utilities. More recently, the economic viability of transferring or wheeling electricity over long distances, the development of small-scale generators and efficient...

Introduction In the early 1990's the power supply industries worldwide started to undergo a period of extensive changes. Electricity markets moved away from vertically integrated monopolies towards liberalized structures with power delivery being a bundle of several services mainly including generation, transmission and distribution. One reason for restructuring lied in the expectation that com...

The objective of this article is to analyze the nature public intervention in economy that has become necessary following situations economic crisis caused by recent global emergencies. In particular, it highlighted how more than forty years policies liberalization and privatization former monopolies, accompanied a constant intense criticism State administration an exaltation private enterprise...