A 8^*0 monsoon rainfall proxy record from a U-Th-dated Costa Rican stalagmite (8840-4920 yr B.P.) documents an early Holocene dry period correlative with the highlatitude 8200 yr B.P. cold event. High 8i«0 values between ca. 8300 and 8000 yr B.P. demonstrate reduced rainfall and a weaker monsoon in Central America. A relatively wetter and more stable monsoon was established ca. 7600 yr B.P. The...

Seasonal variations in the fouling diatom community from a monsoon influenced tropical estuary were investigated. The community composition did not differ significantly between stainless steel and polystyrene substrata due to dominance by Navicula spp. The experimental evidence suggests that Amphora, which is a dominant fouling diatom in temperate waters, ultimately dominates the community in t...

Incidence of faecal coliforms in shellfish harvesting areas of the southern coastal district of Karnataka was examined for evaluating the sanitary quality in relation to the seasonal monsoon and river-runoff. Faecal coliforms (FC) counts in seawater, mussel tissue and sediments were highest in monsoon. Geometric mean for FC in sea water was below 14 MPN/100 ml, standard set for “approved area” ...

Attempts were made to study temporal variation in monthly, seasonal and annual rainfall over Kerala, India, during the period from 1871 to 2005. Longterm changes in rainfall determined by Man-Kendall rank statistics and linear trend. The analysis revealed significant decrease in southwest monsoon rainfall while increase in post-monsoon season over the State of Kerala which is popularly known as...

River Mandovi and Zuari (west coast of India) are flowing through iron and manganese mining areas and are heavily used for iron and manganese ore transport. This region generates 25-30 million tons of mining rejects per year. The iron ore of Mandovi-Zuari catchments area has approximately 50.04 μg/g of arsenic and partial dissolution of the mining rejects could enrich the dissolved arsenic in e...

JULY 2004 AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY | T he key mission of the Coordinated Enhanced Observing Period (CEOP) is to understand water and energy cycles, document their physical processes, and simulate and predict water and energy fluxes. This involves a synergetic strategy integrating satellite data, in situ observations, assimilated data, and modeling simulations. A CEOP Monsoon Systems Work...

Populations of culturable microbes and activeties of dehydrogenase & β-D glucosidase were found maximum in surface soil and decreased with increase in depth in Sundarban mangrove environment. The maximum (13.529 × 10 C.F.U g dry weight of soil) and minimum (11.547 × 10 C.F.U g dry weight of soil) total microbial populations in surface soil were recorded during post-monsoon and monsoon respectiv...

The 29 Nepalese species of the pantropical genus Begonia largely belong to 2 sections, Begonia sect. Diploclinium and Begonia sect. Platycentrum. The former comprises tuberous species which occur along the Himalayan range. They die back during the dry season and their flowering time is strongly constrained by the onset of the monsoon. The latter comprises evergreen rhizomatous species some of w...

The influence of seasonal environmental conditions on the formation and release of organic compounds by photosynthesizing phytoplankton was studied In a tropical estuary. The pattern of ''C fixat~on into the various intracellular compounds changed from pre-monsoon to monsoon depending on the quality and intensity of light available during the 2 seasons as well as phytoplankton composition. Duri...

The tropospheric biennial oscillation (TBO) is conventionally considered to involve transitions between the Indian and Australian summer monsoons and the interactions between these two monsoons and the underlying Indo-Pacific Oceans. Here it is shown that, since the early 1990s, the TBO has evolved to mainly involve the transitions between the western North Pacific (WNP) and Australian monsoons...