Hannah Arendt insists that we are morally responsible for our actions, even when we are part of a victimized group. Our reticence to judge those who choose "the lesser evil" under duress, she argues, is rooted in our suspicion that we are not free agents. In this paper I consider Arendt's claims in the context of the ongoing crisis in Israel and Palestine. Given the egregious, intractable natur...

At first glance, a comparison between Nietzsche and Aristotle may seem improbable. If Nietzsche is indeed a moral relativist, as is often suggested, why is Nietzsche concerned with the development of human character? There are explicit instances of Nietzsche assessing the positive and negative, beneficial and injurious, traits of human character. In “What is Noble” of Beyond Good and Evil, Niet...

It is widely acknowledged among those philosophers and theologians who have given the matter much thought that the fact of animal suffering challenges Theism in a distinctive way. Standard attempts to reconcile human suffering with a perfectly powerful and benevolent deity don’t seem to apply easily to the case of animals. Animals can hardly be said to deserve their suffering or be morally impr...

Do we have an obligation to obey any law, no matter how unjust or evil, provided only that it is in fact a valid rule of the legal system in which we happen to be physically located? The attention given to this problem in recent years as a result of controversies over civil disobedience and post-Watergate reassessment of the relation between law and ethics justifies a new look at the classic st...

Certain objects such as family heirlooms are often treated as if they have intrinsic moral qualities, including sacredness and infinite value. Other objects such as instruments of torture are often seen as inherently repellent. Do people also evaluate more mundane objects such as refrigerators as morally good or bad? Here we explore the nature and scope of moral object evaluation through two ex...

The values of good and evil in the tales recounted by Brothers Grimm are so universal that they have become an integral part world literature. research data for this paper was compiled from three tales, Aschenputtel (Cinderella), Rapunzel, Schneewittchen (Snow White). This project analyzed language used stories to assess virtue prevailed reality German society at time were compiled, still valid...

In Kant’s writings, we can discover four key moments in the realization of moral freedom: i) The original possibility being free, ii) act described by Kant as radical evil, iii) opposite act, that is, an inner conversion to good, and, finally, iv) long process self-development virtue extending immortality. There are further issues such double concept and practical temporality. Moral freedom is ...

Recently, William Hasker and Cheryl Chen have argued that James Sterba’s argument for the non-existence of God based on existence horrendous evil consequences fails. Hasker, among other things, contends eliminating will result in a moral kindergarten. It is unclear, however, whether elimination Moreover, if right, then it may be most people actual world live argues lead to morally worse world. ...

A 32-year-old woman presented with right-sided visual loss, hearing loss and diffuse headache. Examination confirmed CN-II, V1/2, and VIII neuropathies. MRI showed an infiltrative skull-base process involving the pachymeninges. Serology and histopathology confirmed idiopathic hypertrophic pachymeningitis.

A number of Christian theologians and philosophers have been critical overly moralizing approaches to the doctrine sin, but nearly all thinkers maintain that moral fault is necessary or sufficient for sin obtain. Call this “Moral Consensus.” I begin by clarifying relevance impurities biblical cataloguing sins. then present four extensional problems Moral Consensus on based catalogue sins: (1) o...