The AVICENNA VIRTUAL CAMPUS project, championed by UNESCO, has the aim to accelerate the adoption and use of ICT-assisted Open Distance Learning (ODL) in the Euro-Med region. As a backbone of this project, the UNED is in charge of creating a knowledge database, called Avicenna Virtual Library which will contain educational and methodological materials suitable for developing educational modules...

Studying the history of science could help develop an understanding of the contributions made by ancient nations towards scientific advances. Although Iranians had an important impact on the improvement of science, the history of Iranian medicine seems not to have been given enough attention by historians. The present study focused on the history of anesthesia and pain management in Iranian med...

Endocrinology defined earlier as the study of cell communication via messenger molecules or hormones transversing extracellular space, now extends to inter and intra cellular spaces. Development of the understanding of functioning of endocrine glands parallels the evolution of clinical sciences in the history of medicine. For example Rhazes, died 925 A.D, discussed in detail the sex organs and ...

Jorjanie was born in 433 AH. Elgod said: there is no exact information about his birth place and his date of birth is in the middle of 11th century. He was a student of Ebn Abi Sadegh, the famous Iranian physician. Ebn Abi Sadegh joined the two famous Iranian physicians because he was student of Avicenna for some time and at the end of his life he had a student, which was brilliant and intellig...

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some logicians as avicenna, khaja nasir al-din tusi, and dabiran katebi believe that denotation (dilala) is dependent on volition (irada), and as long as there is no volition, there is no denotation. some others like qutb al-din razi completely reject this idea and maintain that denotation merely depends on “knowledge of designation” (al-ilm bi al-wad’). some of methodologicians of jurisprudenc...

BACKGROUND Fluid intake is an essential factor in having a normal homeostasis. However, proper amount of daily water intake in a healthy individual is controversial. There is a prevalent thought that we all have to drink eight glasses of water daily, however, it lacks enough supportive evidence at least for healthy individuals. Here, we try to clarify this topic from the perspective of Avicenna...

Avicenna (980-1037 AD), also known as Sheikh or-Raeis, was an Muslim philosopher, physician, surgeon, astronomer, politician, encyclopedist, and mathematician. Avicenna's writings comprise of five books, know as the Al-Qanun fi al-Tibb (The Canon of Medicine) and the canon covers a wide variety of medical issues. This canon of medicine was the main reference for medical education in Western cou...

INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate the acquisition of basic ureteroscopic skills with and without Roboflex Avicenna by subjects with no prior surgical training. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ten medical students were divided in two groups: Group 1 was trained with Roboflex Avicenna and Group 2 with flexible ureteroscope alone, using the K-box® simulator model. Participants were scored ...

today, on the contrary of the last ten decades, the necessity of teaching hygienic issues, and caring the children’s health, is pretty obvious. avicenna (10 ac), the famous iranian physician and philosopher, scrutinized the health and hygiene with a deep insight to the matter. he considered the wellness not only as the recovery from the disease, but emphasized the maintenance of health by sugge...