Some authorities feel that increasing amounts of traffic, rising popularity of multicastbased conferencing tools, and increasing availability of multicast routing technology are signals of impending doom for the Internet’s Multicast Backbone (MBONE). However, they are also clear signals that there is a very real demand for the services of which they are a result: real-time, multipoint, multimed...

We investigate the relationship between multicast routing algorithms and reliable multicast communication. To capture the impact of the multicast tree topology onto reliable multicast, we consider two performance measures, namely the probability mass function of successful receptions and the expected number of retransmissions needed to successfully deliver a packet from the source to all receiv...

Distributed interactive multimedia applications such as video conferencing and virtual collaboration applications typically involve frequent interactions among multiple distributed parties. These applications require an efficient networking support such as core-based routing with Quality of Service (QoS) support. Typical core-based routing selects one router as a core for a multicast group and ...

Routing is a technique or process carried out in packet information delivery system from source to destination place that requests the needed source. done solving problem and well-known unicast routing. Unicast routing can transmit single destination. However, this ineffective for an infinite number of be served because only funnels one So another route handle this, called multicast route. Mult...

Multicast is a vital operation in both broad-band integrated services digital networks (BISDN) and scalable parallel computers. In this paper we look into the issue of supporting multicast in the widely used three-stage Clos network or v(m; n; r) network. Previous work has shown that a nonblocking v(m;n; r) multicast network requires a much higher network cost than a v(m;n; r) permutation netwo...

To support group oriented service which is said to be the primary application that are addressed by Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) in recent years, multicast routing is used. Hence there is a need to design stable and reliable multicast routing protocols for MANETs. In recent years several multicast routing protocols have been designed. Though these protocols are used for the same purpose, eac...

Quality of service (QoS) based routing and scalability are two key features of multicast routing for the next generation Internetworks. This paper proposes a new protocol called QoS-aware hierarchical multicast routing protocol (QHMRP) that achieves scalability by organizing the network as a hierarchy of domains using the full-mesh aggregation technique. The protocol uses a novel reverse floodi...

We present Hydra, the first multicast routing protocol for MANETs that establishes a multicast routing structure approximating the set of source-rooted shortest-path trees frommulticast sources to receivers, without requiring the dissemination of control packets from each source of a multicast group. Hydra accomplishes this by dynamically electing a core for the mesh of a multicast group among ...

Vanets are new emerging and challenging technology that makes an improvisation in traffic safety and efficiency. The constant growth of automobile industry is increasing the demand for car safety and the car to car connectivity. It creates a path for intelligent transportation system(ITS).The information that is carried by the vehicles can enrol safety measures The group-oriented services are o...

Most current schemes for multicast routing assume that multicast routers participate both in forwarding mul-ticast packets and in control algorithms for routing, resource reservation, and group management. By separating data and control ow, and by centralizing control in distinct control elements, we have designed a simple and scalable approach to IP multicast that we call Centralized Multicast...