Where f denotes Doppler Frequency, τ denotes multipath propagation delay, S (f,τ) denotes the scattering function. In a Power Delay Profile plot, the signal power of each multipath is plotted against their respective propagation delays. A sample power delay profile plot, shown below, indicates how a transmitted pulse gets received at the receiver with different signal strength as it travels thr...

Multipath is undesirable for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers, since the reception of multipath can create a significant distortion to the shape of the correlation function leading to an error in the receivers’ position estimate. Many multipath mitigation techniques exist in the literature to deal with the multipath propagation problem in the context of GNSS. The multipath st...

Various routing protocols, including Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) and Intermediate System to Intermediate System (ISIS), explicitly allow "Equal-Cost Multipath" (ECMP) routing. Some router implementations also allow equal-cost multipath usage with RIP and other routing protocols. The effect of multipath routing on a forwarder is that the forwarder potentially has several next-hops for any gi...

Most existing works in wireless communications assume a rich multipath environment. In particular, the intense research on multi-antenna (MIMO) systems in the last decade was pioneered by results based on an i.i.d. channel model representing a rich multipath environment. However, there is growing experimental evidence that physical wireless channels exhibit a sparse multipath structure, even at...

Abstract Multipath cohomology is a theory for directed graphs, which defined using the path poset. The aim of this paper to investigate combinatorial properties posets and provide computational tools multipath cohomology. In particular, we develop acyclicity criteria computations groups oriented linear graphs. We further interpret poset as face simplicial complex, realisability problems.

Minimizing the outage probability and maximizing throughput are two important aspects in device to device (D2D) communications, which are greatly related to each other. In this paper, first, the exact formulas of the outage probability for D2D communications underlaying or overlaying cellular network are derived which jointly experience Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) and Rayleigh multipat...

Multipath interdomain routing has been proposed to enable flexible traffic engineering for transit Autonomos Systems (ASes). Yet, there is a lack of solutions providing maximal path diversity and backwards compatibility at the same time. The BGP-XM (Border Gateway ProtocoleXtended Multipath) extension presented in this paper is a complete and flexible approach to solve many of the limitations o...