Low birth weight humans often exhibit hypertension during adulthood. Studying the offspring of rat dams fed a maternal low-protein diet is one model frequently used to study the mechanisms of low birth weight-related hypertension. It remains unclear whether this model replicates key clinical findings of hypertension and increased blood pressure responsiveness to stress or high-salt diet. We mea...

BACKGROUND Exposure to prenatal stress is associated with later adverse health and adjustment outcomes. This is generally presumed to arise through early environmentally mediated programming effects on the foetus. However, associations could arise through factors that influence mothers' characteristics and behaviour during pregnancy which are inherited by offspring. METHOD A 'prenatal cross-f...

BACKGROUND Parent-offspring associations in adiposity are well known, but the extent to which they are explained by modifiable environmental and lifestyle factors remains to be elucidated. OBJECTIVES The objectives were to assess whether 1) parent-offspring associations in body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)) persist from childhood to midadulthood, 2) parental BMI is associated with the offsprin...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To describe differences in childhood hospital admissions at ages 1 to 5 years in two generations, and to compare the intergenerational differences in risks of admission. DESIGN Information was taken from a longitudinal birth cohort study of a national sample and their firstborn offspring. SETTING England, Wales, and Scotland. SUBJECTS the 5022 birth cohort members for whom...

Intrauterine undernutrition plays a role in the development of adult hypertension. Most studies are done in male offspring to delineate the mechanisms whereby blood pressure may be raised; however, the vascular mechanisms involved in female offspring are unclear. Female offspring of pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats fed either a control (C; 18%) or a low-protein (LP; 6%) diet during pregnancy were u...

Senescence is one of the least understood aspects of organism life history. In part, this stems from the relatively late advent of complete individual-level datasets and appropriate statistical tools. In addition, selection against senescence should depend on the contribution to population growth arising from physiological investment in offspring at given ages, but offspring are rarely tracked ...

Age at reproduction can influence the survival and future of an individual as well that their offspring. Remarkably, it has been shown grandmaternal age also affect characteristics grandoffspring in humans laboratory or semi-captive animals. However, currently we do not know whether effects exist wild populations. We gathered data on female reproduction, offspring using a 16-year long-term surv...

The effect of in vitro preimplantation exposure of mouse embryos to N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) on development subsequent to embryo transfer into pseudopregnant surrogate mothers has been investigated. The offspring developed from mouse blastocysts exposed to MNU or to solvent were examined carefully for 1 year after birth and then examined with X-rays and complete autopsies. Metaphase chromos...

Prenatal nutritional conditions can predispose to development of obesity and metabolic syndrome in adulthood. Gestation with its important modifications in hormonal status is a period of changes in normal feeding habits with pulses of consumption or avoidance of certain categories of food. We tried to mimic in an animal model some changes in food consumption patterns observed in pregnant women....

Background: Multiple pregnancies are responsible for the increased risk of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to compare the perinatal outcome between multiple and singleton pregnancies. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study. A sample of 50 multiple birth neonates- born in Fatemieh Hospital of Hamadan, Iran in 2015- was selected using simple r...