Interconnections are increasingly one of the dominant contributors to delay, area and energy consumption in CMOS digital circuits now a days. Multiple Valued Logic (MVL) can decrease the average power required for level transitions and also the number of required interconnections are reduced. So the impact of interconnections on overall energy consumption is reduced. In this paper, a quaternary...

In this paper we present a short history of logics: from particular cases of 2-symbol or numerical valued logic to the general case of n-symbol or numerical valued logic. We show generalizations of 2-valued Boolean logic to fuzzy logic, also from the Kleene’s and Lukasiewicz’ 3-symbol valued logics or Belnap’s 4-symbol valued logic to the most general n-symbol or numerical valued refined neutro...

We introduce probabilistic many-valued logic programs in which the implication connective is interpreted as material implication. We show that probabilistic many-valued logic programming is computationally more complex than classical logic programming. More precisely, some deduction problems that are P-complete for classical logic programs are shown to be co-NP-complete for probabilistic many-v...

Multiple valued logic (abbreviated MVL and also known as ‘many-valued’ or ‘multi-valued’ logic) has a long tradition [17, 15, 7] and needs no presentation. In this paper we lift the concept of quasi-variety of first-order models from classical (two valued) logic to MVL and study some of its important properties. Our results can be seen as MVL extensions or generalizations of corresponding class...

In this paper we make some general remarks on the use of non-classical logics, in particular paraconsistent logic, in the foundational analysis of physical theories. As a case-study, we present a reconstruction of P. -D. Février’s ’logic of complementarity’ as a strict three-valued logic and also a paraconsistent version of it. At the end, we sketch our own approach to complementarity, which is...

Choices in business processes are often based on the process history saved as a log-file listing events and their time stamps. In this paper we introduce a finite-path variant of the timed propositional logics with past for specifying guards in business process models. The novelty is due to the introduction of boundary points start and now corresponding to the starting and current observation p...

‎The importance of Problem Solving (PS) has been realized for such a long time that in a direct or indirect way affects our daily lives in many ways‎. ‎Assessment cases appear frequently for PS skills which involve a degree of uncertainty and (or) ambiguity‎. ‎Fuzzy logic‎, ‎due to its nature of characterizing such cases with multiple values‎, ‎offers rich resources for dealing with them‎. ‎On ...

The variety of semantical approaches that have been invented for logic programs for reasoning about inconsistent databases is quite broad. Especially, we are interested in an ontological encapsulation of a many-valued logics with negation, based on bilattices, into a 2-valued logic: this new approach is a minimilistic one based on the concept of the semantic reflection. We define a Model theore...