BACKGROUND N -acetylaspartate (NAA) level is a biomarker of functional integrity and vitality in neurons. In vivo multisection proton ((1)H)-magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies indicate that NAA level decreases in specific cortical brain areas of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). OBJECTIVE To study NAA level in serum samples as a possible biomarker of ALS. DESIGN Serum ...

We give an explicit formula for all tree amplitudes in N = 4 SYM, derived by solving the recently presented supersymmetric tree-level recursion relations. The result is given in a compact, manifestly supersymmetric form and we show how to extract from it all possible component amplitudes for an arbitrary number of external particles and any arrangement of external particles and helicities. We f...

We present a method for computerassisted authorship attribution based on character-level n-gram language models. Our approach is based on simple information theoretic principles, and achieves improved performance across a variety of languages without requiring extensive pre-processing or feature selection. To demonstrate the effectiveness and language independence of our approach, we present ex...

We develop a multilevel algorithm for hypergraph partitioning that contracts the vertices one at a time. Using several caching and lazy-evaluation techniques during coarsening and refinement, we reduce the running time by up to two-orders of magnitude compared to a naive n-level algorithm that would be adequate for ordinary graph partitioning. The overall performance is even better than the wid...

Elliptic genera of level N have been defined by F. Hirzebruch, generalising the earlier notion of elliptic genus due to S. Ochanine. We show that there are corresponding elliptic cohomology theories which are naturally associated to such genera and that these are obtained from the level 1 case by algebraic extension of the coefficient rings from level 1 to level N modular forms. Introduction. I...

A game is played by a team of two — say Alice and Bob — in which the value of a random variable x is revealed to Alice only, who cannot freely communicate with Bob. Instead, she is given a quantum n-level system, respectively a classical n-state system, which she can put in possession of Bob in any state she wishes. We evaluate how successfully they managed to store and recover the value of x b...

the leaf nitrogen content is generally accepted as an indicator of food quality and as a factor affecting host selection by phytophagous insects. the alate pea aphids (acyrthosiphon pisum harris, aphididae) were given a choice among non-nodulated pea plants (pisum sativum l.) supplied with one of four nitrate-n levels (0, 3, 15 and 30 mm). when whole plants were exposed to aphids for 7 days, th...

We study a family of semiample divisors on the moduli spaceM0,n that come from the theory of conformal blocks for the Lie algebra sln and level 1. The divisors we study are invariant under the action of Sn on M0,n. We compute their classes and prove that they generate extremal rays in the cone of symmetric nef divisors on M0,n. In particular, these divisors define birational contractions of M0,...

The n-gram inverted index has two major advantages: language-neutral and error-tolerant. Due to these advantages, it has been widely used in information retrieval or in similar sequence matching for DNA and protein databases. Nevertheless, the n-gram inverted index also has drawbacks: the size tends to be very large, and the performance of queries tends to be bad. In this paper, we propose the ...

Approximate string matching is to find all the occurrences of a query string in a text database allowing a specified number of errors. Approximate string matching based on the n-gram inverted index (simply, n-gram Matching) has been widely used. A major reason is that it is scalable for large databases since it is not a main memory algorithm. Nevertheless, n-gram Matching also has drawbacks: th...