An efficient extreme ultraviolet EUV generation method has been developed with the use of a CO2 laser-produced plasma from a grooved target. A 5% conversion efficiency from laser to 13.5 nm photons was obtained with the use of grooves in a tin target or by repeated laser pulse shots at the same target position. Modeling studies proved that the groove target controls the hydrodynamic expansion o...

This paper describes a neutron monitor which consists of a spherical neutron moderator, 12′′ in diameter, with a thermal neutron detector which detects delayed β-radiation from silver activation. The thermal neutron detector is based on four silicon diodes at the centre of the moderator, two of which are covered by silver foils, 250 μm thick, and two by tin foils, 360 μm thick. The latter two d...

The present study was motivated by the paucity of reports on cellular internalization of ingested titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) nanoparticles (nano-TiO(2)). The model invertebrate (Porcellio scaber, Isopoda, Crustacea) was exposed to food dosed with nano-TiO(2) containing 100, 1,000, 3,000, or 5,000 µg nano-TiO(2) per gram of food. After 14 d of exposure, the amount of Ti in the entire body was ana...

This study investigated ageing-resistant properties of carboxyl-terminated polyester (polyethylene glycol terephthalate) composites modified with nanoscale titanium dioxide particles (nano-TiO2). The nano-TiO2 was pretreated by a dry coating method, with aluminate coupling agent as a functional grafting additive. The agglomeration resistance was evaluated, which exhibited significant improvemen...

Two morphologies of nanostructured tin dioxide (SnO2) (i.e., nanobelts and nanowires) were compressed in diamond anvil cells up to 38 GPa followed by decompression. In situ Raman spectroscopy and synchrotron X-ray diffraction were employed to monitor the structural transformations. It was found that nanostructured SnO2 behaved drastically differently than bulk material in terms of transformatio...

Objective(s): A remarkable growing effort has been conducted by several researchers to fabricate food packaging materials which are able to protect foodstuffs and enhance their shelf-life from food-borne pathogens and fungal attack which causes great damage to the food industries. Recent studies has focused on the potential applications of nano-metal oxides in food packaging area. Method...

Rhodamine B (RhB) is a water-soluble fluorescent dye that is often used to determine flux and flow direction in biotechnological and environmental applications. In the current research, RhB in soluble (termed free) and virus-bound (termed nano-bound) forms was used as an efficiency indicator for three environmental processes. The degradation of free and nano-bound RhB by (i) direct UV photolysi...

Well-shaped single crystals of binary AuSn2 were obtained as a side product during the synthesis of LiAu3Sn4. The structure of AuSn2 has been studied by X-ray diffractometer data: Pbca, Z = 8, a = 689.8(1), b = 701.1(1), c = 1177.3(2) pm, wR2 = 0.0533, 1234 F2 values, and 29 variables. The gold atoms show a distorted octahedral coordination by tin at Au–Sn distances ranging from 272 to 283 pm. ...

A lab-on-a-disc (LOAD) is a centrifugal microfluidic set-up based on centrifugal force without using micro-pumps to drive reagents and cells to various chambers through channels and valves for reactions. A LOAD coated with conductive transparent indium tin oxide (ITO) for thermal control was developed to screen allergy-blocking agents. When the acridine orange (AO)-loaded KU-812 human basophili...

We investigate the isospin dependence of pseudospin symmetry in the chain of tin isotopes (from Sn until Sn). Using a Woods-Saxon parametrization of the nuclear potential for these isotopes we study in detail the effect of the vector-isovector ρ and Coulomb potentials in the energy splittings of neutron and proton pseudospin partners in the isotopic chain. We conclude that the realization of nu...