In this research, a questionnaire survey was conducted to measure nap, drowsiness and fatigue of drivers who work for long shifts, to discuss about the work environment and health conditions for taxi and bus drivers who work at night-time. The questionnaire sheet used for this research was organized into the following categories: tension/tiredness, drowsiness while driving, and the nap situatio...

The pre-Bötzinger complex (preBötC) in the ventrolateral medulla contains interneurons important for respiratory rhythm generation. Voltage-dependent sodium channels mediate transient current (I(NaT)), underlying action potentials, and persistent current (I(NaP)), contributing to repetitive firing, pacemaker properties, and the amplification of synaptic inputs. Voltage-clamp studies of the biop...

I t's safe to conclude that most people would not take issue with a requirement that they take a nap at some point during their workday. The United States Institute of Medicine even urges that a five-hour snooze should be made mandatory for all medical interns and residents who are putting in 16-hour shifts. The Canadian Association of Interns and Residents, though, isn't convinced of the value...

The use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like meclofenamate sodium (MS), used to reduce pain, has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Naproxen (NAP), another NSAID, is not associated with increased risk of CVD. The molecular mechanism(s) by which NSAIDs induce CVD is unknown. We investigated the effects of MS and NAP on protein homeostasis and...

We studied the origin of the neutrophil-activating peptide NAP-2, a presumed 70 amino acid cleavage product of platelet basic protein (PBP) and connective tissue-activating peptide III (CTAP-III). Purified human blood monocytes or lymphocytes were cultured with or without stimuli (LPS or PHA) in the presence or absence of platelet-release supernatant, and the formation of NAP-2 and other neutro...

An accurate, specific and precise UV spectrophotometric method was developed for the simultaneous determination of naproxen (NAP) and domperidone (DOM) in tablet dosage form. The optimum conditions for the analysis of the drug were established. The maximum wavelength (λmax) was found to be 271 nm for NAP and 287 nm for DOM. The linearity of the proposed method was found in the range of 10-35 μg...

The intestinal sodium-phosphate cotransporter (NaP(i)-IIb) plays a major role in intestinal P(i) absorption. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is involved in the regulation of P(i) homeostasis. However, the role of EGF in intestinal NaP(i)-IIb regulation is not clear. The current studies showed that EGF decreased NaP(i)-IIb mRNA abundance by 40-50% in both rat intestine and Caco-2 cells. To underst...

Optimal bowel preparation is essential for the safety and outcome of colonoscopy. A solution containing polyethylene glycol (PEG) is often used as a bowel cleansing agent, but some patients are intolerant of PEG, and this may lead to discontinuation of colonoscopy. Sodium phosphates (NaP) tablets are designed to improve patient acceptance and compliance. The objective of this study was to compa...

INTRODUCTION Glucose has a significant effect on nerve function. METHODS The effects of glucose on the nerve action potential (NAP) were investigated for concentrations between 0 and 55.5 mmol/L in an in vitro system using rat sciatic nerve. The effects of glucose were investigated in nerves exposed to oxygenated perfusate and those subjected to anoxia. Multiple aspects of the NAP were analyz...

The Nuisance Attribute Project (NAP) with labeled data provides an effective approach for improving the speaker recognition performance in the state-of-art speaker recognition system by removing unwanted channel and handset variation. However, the requirement for the labeled NAP training data may limit its practical application. In our previous study, a simple unsupervised clustering algorithm ...