There is a few available information about the effect of anesthetics, specially electroanesthesia on immune parameters in fish. In the present work, two anesthetics, MS222 (50 ppm), clove oil (25 ppm), and electroanesthesia were tested in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in narcosis stage. The results showed, clove oil and electroanesthesia increase the lysozyme activity 24 h after anesthe...

An acute toxicity model was constructed on the basis of 901 chemicals tested for toxicity against the luminescent bacteria Vibrio fischeri (formerly Photobacterium phosphoreum, the Microtox test). The model was created using the Multiple Computer-Automated Structure Evaluation (M-CASE) program. The model can correctly predict acute toxicity for 92% of the compounds with an error averaging 0.55 ...

Low concentrations of ethyl alcohol stimulate the respiration of mammalian erythrocytes in vitro. Low concentrations of ethyl urethan remain without effect on, or tend slightly towards depressing the respiration of mammalian erythrocytes in vitro. It is suggested that this may be due to the oxidizable nature of alcohol, and the non-oxidizable nature of urethan, properties which come into eviden...

It had been known that narcotics are more soluble in fats and oils than in water. With this in mind, yon Bibra and Hatless, 1 in 1847, carried on a series of experiments on rabbits. Half the animals were anesthetized, and the other half were used as controls. All the animals were killed and the fat content of the brains and livers was determined quantitatively by extraction with alcohol and eth...

The response characteristics of an aquatic biomonitor that detects toxicity by monitoring changes in bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus Rafinesque) ventilatory and movement patterns were evaluated in single chemical laboratory studies at concentrations near the 96-h LC(50) concentration and at the EILATox-Oregon Workshop in sequential tests of multiple unknown samples. Baseline data collected prior ...

In an effort to uncover genes associated with ovary activation in honey bee workers, the extent to which eight candidate genes co-varied in their expression with experimentally-induced changes in worker reproductive state was examined. Groups of caged, queenless workers narcotized with CO(2) on consecutive days early in adult life showed a significantly lower level of ovary activation than did ...

The objective of the present study was to determine whether mild inert-gas narcosis impairs cardiovascular control mechanisms and contributes to the relative bradycardia that occurs in humans exercising in a hyperbaric environment. Eight healthy subjects were exposed to a normoxic 30% nitrous oxide (N(2)O) mixture and an air control during dynamic exercise of 100-W intensity. Beat-by-beat heart...

This paper presents chemical composition and aquatic toxicity characteristics of a commercial sample of naphthenic acids (NAs). Naphthenic acids are derived from the refining of petroleum middle distillates and can contribute to refinery effluent toxicity. NAs are also present in oil sands process-affected water (OSPW), but differences in the NAs compositions from these sources precludes using ...