We connect the rare fluctuations of an equilibrium (EQ) process and the typical fluctuations of a nonequilibrium (NE) stationary process. In the framework of large deviation theory, this observation allows us to introduce NE thermodynamic potentials. For continuous-time Markov chains, we identify the relevant pairs of conjugated variables and propose two NE ensembles: one with fixed dynamics an...

Among the earliest events in postmitotic nuclear envelope (NE) assembly are the interactions between chromatin and the membranes that will fuse to form the NE. It has been proposed that interactions between integral NE proteins and chromatin proteins mediate initial membrane recruitment to chromatin. We show that several transmembrane NE proteins bind to DNA directly and that NE membrane protei...

background: laser-tissue interaction on low-level laser therapy (lllt) has widespread medical applications (e.g., improved wound healing). the tensile strength of radiated tissue by lllt is known to be increased mainly because of cross collagen bands developed after radiation. objective: in this work, we studied the instantaneous effect of radiation of polarized laser beam on the viscoelastic t...

Two isotopic chemical reactions, Ne(*) + NH3, and Ne(*) + ND3, have been studied at low collision energies by means of a merged beams technique. Partial cross sections have been recorded for the two reactive channels, namely, Ne(*) + NH3 → Ne + NH3(+) + e(-), and Ne(*) + NH3 → Ne + NH2(+) + H + e(-), by detecting the NH3(+) and NH2(+) product ions, respectively. The cross sections for both reac...

..................................................................................................................................... 1 Sammendrag .............................................................................................................................. 3 Introduction ...............................................................................................................

A novel bootstrapping approach to Named Entity (NE)tagging using concept-based seeds and successive learners is presented. This approach only requires a few common noun or pronoun seeds that correspond to the concept for the targeted NE, e.g. he/she/man/woman for PERSON NE. The bootstrapping procedure is implemented as training two successive learners. First, decision list is used to learn the ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate total body norepinephrine (NE) kinetics as an index of global sympathetic nervous system (SNS) outflow in a rat model of chronic ANG II-salt hypertension. Male Sprague-Dawley rats fed a 0.4% (normal salt, NS) or 2% (HS) NaCl diet were instrumented with arterial and venous catheters. After 5 days of recovery and a 3-day control period, ANG II (150 ng....

Neutrophil elastase (NE), a serine protease present in high concentrations in the airways of cystic fibrosis patients, injures the airway epithelium. We examined the epithelial response to NE-mediated proteolytic injury. We have previously reported that NE treatment of airway epithelial cells causes a marked decrease in epithelial DNA synthesis and proliferation. We hypothesized that NE inhibit...

In this paper we undertake a systematic investigation of a ne invariant object detection. Edge detection is rst presented from the point of view of the a ne invariant scale-space obtained by curvature based motion of the image level-sets. In this case, a ne invariant edges are obtained as a weighted di erence of images at di erent scales. We then introduce the a ne gradient as the simplest poss...