This review highlights the advancement of molecular triplet donors showing singlet-to-triplet (S–T) absorption and their utilization for triplet-triplet annihilation-based photon upconversion (TTA-UC). Circumvention thermal energy loss associated with intersystem crossing (ISC) through use S–T results in UC from near-infrared (NIR) light to yellow, blue, even violet light, achieving an unpreced...

Introduction: 51 Nemausa is a main-belt asteroid located at ~2.4 AU, with an IRAS diameter of ~150km, and a geometric albedo (pv) of 0.062 [1]. The asteroid has been classified taxonomically as a C-type asteroid with an unusual spectrum by [2] and a Ch-type by [3]. The C-type asteroids, which make up ~50% of the main belt asteroids, have low geometric albedos (pv < 0.065) [4] due to the possibl...