This research focused on the impact of empowering leadership behaviors on employees’ work outcomes, including in-role behaviors, organizational citizenship behaviors directed toward the organization (OCBO), and affective commitment. This impact is proposed to be mediated by psychological empowerment. Also, I propose the association between empowering leadership behaviors and psychological empow...

The hierarchical model of achievement motivation proposes that, in addition to need achievement, fear of failure (FF) energizes achievement behaviour and predisposes individuals to adopt particular types of achievement goals. An impressive volume of cross-sectional support for this model has emerged, however, the causal assumptions of the model have never been tested. College students (N /356) ...

The increased use of technology within the educational field gives rise to the need for developing valid instruments to measure key constructs associated with performance. We present some self-report instruments developed and/or validated in the Italian context that could be used to assess achievement emotions and correlates, within the theoretical framework of Pekrun’s control-value model. Fir...

background and purpose: study skills is one important factor influencing academic achievement of students . we must replace ineffective models and habits of study with more fruitful skills in order to gain better learning. this study investigates the study skills and habits of medical students and their educational achievement. methods: based on a pilot study the sample size was estimates as 40...

background it is obvious that most of informal learnings of social skills and constructive plays occur in school yards and play-fields where children spend much of their non-official time of teaching. this study aimed to investigate the impact of schools' open space on learning and educational achievement of elementary students in ahvaz, southwest of iran. materials and methods at a cross-...

conclusions the results clarified a deep perception of participants’ experiences after disaster. the path of life recovery after disasters involves participants’ striving to achieve a comprehensive health recovery, which starts with the need for all-inclusive health recovery as a main concern; this is the motivator for a responding strategy. this strategy is participatory, and the process is pr...

ver the last eighteen years, changes in the American economy have dramatically increased the skills workers need to earn a middle-class living. However, almost half of American students now leave high school without the requisite skills. The mismatch between the growing skill demands of employers and the skills of graduating students creates a need for dramatic school improvement. Yet improveme...