The formation of the neural crest has been traditionally considered a classic example of secondary induction, where signals form one tissue elicit a response in a competent responding tissue. Interactions of the neural plate with paraxial mesoderm or nonneural ectoderm can generate neural crest. Several signaling pathways converge at the border between neural and nonneural ectoderm where the ne...

Neural tissue is arisen from presumptive ectoderm via inhibition of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling during Xenopus early development. Previous studies demonstrate that ectopic expression of dominant negative BMP4 receptor (DNBR) produces neural tissue in animal cap explants (AC) and also increases the expression level of various genes involved in neurogenesis. To investigate detail m...

It has been demonstrated in recent years that pulsed, infrared laser light can be used to elicit electrical responses in neural tissue, independent of any further modification of the target tissue. Infrared neural stimulation has been reported in a variety of peripheral and sensory neural tissue in vivo, with particular interest shown in stimulation of neurons in the auditory nerve. However, wh...

A neural degenerative disease is characterized by the deterioration of neural tissue and subsequent loss of function. The in vivo engraftment of neural stem cells is a promising approach to the functional replacement of neural tissue with the ultimate goal of regaining lost function. In addition, by studying the behavior of engrafted neural stem cells in healthy and diseased tissue, insight can...

spinal cord injury (sci) is a destructive condition that the cord can't send signals below the level of the injury. despite advances in the medical and surgical care of sci patients, no effective treatment exists for the neurological deficits of sci. cell therapy is a new approach for sci, and preclinical models demonstrate that cell transplantation can improve some secondary events throug...

Humans suffering with chronic pain may have no evidence of a lesion or disease. They are managed with a morass of drugs and invasive procedures. In many, their persistent pain occurs after the healing of a soft tissue injury, with a neural source hypothesized. Opiates, commonly used to mitigate their symptoms, can cause an increase in neuropathic pain over time. Current animal models of neuropa...

www.endojournal.com.ar 540 Dental pulp is a highly vascularized and innervated tissue. The neural component of the pulp tissue consists of motor and sensory nerve fibers, the latter coming from the cranial nerve V; all stimuli that provoke these fibers will result in a painful sensation. Dental pulp tissue is not the only tissue with this characteristic. The eye cornea and the tympanic membrane...

objective(s) recent studies revealed the neuroprotective effects of epigallocatechin gallate (egcg) on a variety of neural injury .the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of egcg on the tissue lipid peroxidation after spinal cord injury (sci). materials and methods rats were randomly divided into four groups of 7 rats each as follows: sham-operated group, trauma group, and egcg-t...

The use of human brain tissue in neuroscience research is increasing. Recent developments include transplanting neural tissue, growing or maintaining neural tissue in laboratories and using surgically removed tissue for experimentation. Also, it is likely that in the future there will be attempts at partial or complete brain transplants. A discussion of the ethical issues of using human brain t...