Neurotoxicity induced by methylmercury (MeHg) increases the formation of reactive radicals and accelerates free radical reactions. This review summarizes recent findings in the MeHg-induced formation of free radicals and the role of oxidative stress in its neurotoxicity. Oxidative stress on CNS can produce damage by several interacting mechanisms, including mitochondrial damage with increase in...

Explanation.................................................................................................... 333 Evaluation for acceptable daily intake .......................................................... 333 Biochemical aspects ................................................................................ 333 Absorption, distribution and excretion ......................................

Abstract Purpose of review As fields such as neurotoxicity evaluation and neuro-related drug research are increasing in popularity, there is a demand for the expansion research. Currently, assessed by measuring changes weight behavior. However, measurement does not allow detection subtle inconspicuous neurotoxicity. In this review, methods advancing divided into molecule-, cell-, circuit-, anim...

Metronidazole is a very widely used drug for the treatment of multiple ailments caused by anaerobic bacteria as well as some protozoan parasites. Though its usual side effects are not very serious, yet sometimes it may cause profound adverse effects like neurotoxicity. We present here a case of liver abscess. The patient was treated for a long time with metronidazole and developed sudden onset ...

Ceftriaxone is widely used in patients for the treatment of serious gram-negative infections. Ceftriaxone can induce some potential side effects, including neurotoxicity, however, nonconvulsive status epilepticus has rarely been reported. We report a case of acute reversible neurotoxicity associated with ceftriaxone. A 65-yr-old woman with chronic kidney disease developed altered consciousness ...

Neurotoxicity testing of chemicals, drug candidates, and environmental pollutants still relies on extensive in vivo studies that are very costly, time-consuming, ethically debated due to the large number animals typically used. Currently, rat primary cortical cultures widely used for vitro neurotoxicity studies, as they closely resemble brain with respect diversity cell types, their physiologic...

A snakebite is an injury caused by a bite from snake, often resulting in puncture wounds inflicted animal’s fangs and sometimes envenomation. Venom may cause complex condition that can be local damage, neuromuscular dysfunction, or systemic vascular damage leading to hemolysis. The main of mortality morbidity snake bites neurotoxicity, the neurotoxicity sudden paralysis. Synthesis, packaging, t...

A growing body of evidence suggests that disruption of the homeostasis of lipid metabolism affects the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In particular, dysregulation of cholesterol homeostasis in the brain has been reported to considerably increase the risk of developing AD. Thus, dysregulation of lipid homeostasis may increase the amyloid β (Aβ) levels by affecting amyloid precursor pr...

PURPOSE The combination of a platinum and taxane are standard of care for many cancers, but the utility is often limited due to debilitating neurotoxicity. We examined whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) from annotated candidate genes will identify genetic risk for chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity. PATIENTS AND METHODS A candidate-gene association study was conducted to validate t...

Methamphetamine (METH)-induced neurotoxicity is characterized by a long-lasting depletion of striatal dopamine (DA) and serotonin as well as damage to striatal dopaminergic and serotonergic nerve terminals. Several hypotheses regarding the mechanism underlying METH-induced neurotoxicity have been proposed. In particular, it is thought that endogenous DA in the striatum may play an important rol...