ease in domestic animals (e.g., pigs) and humans has reached an alarming level (Table). Human infection rates in certain areas in China have been high; for example, in Inner Mongolia, samples collected from 1,529 randomly selected persons during 1994–1996 showed that 35.3% of the local population, 57.0% of local pregnant women, and 100% of newborns of infected mothers were positive for hemotrop...

New granule cells are born throughout life in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampal formation. Given the fundamental role of the hippocampus in processes underlying certain forms of learning and memory, it has been speculated that newborn granule cells contribute to cognition. However, previous strategies aiming to causally link newborn neurons with hippocampal function used ablation strategies ...

THE EVIDENCE for and against the presence in cells of embryo and foetal mice of transplantation antigens, the cell-bound substances provoking the rejection of allogeneic tissue homografts, rests on two classes of experiments: those relying upon serological techniques for the detection of the antigens, and those involving some test of transplantation antigen activity in intact animals. Experimen...

Available surfactants for treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in newborn infants are derived from animal lungs, which limits supply and poses a danger of propagating infectious material. Poly-Val-->poly-Leu analogs of surfactant protein (SP)-C can be synthesized in large quantities and exhibit surface activity similar to SP-C. Here, activity of synthetic surfactants containing a poly-Leu...

Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is a process involving the continuous generation of newborn neurons in the hippocampus of adult animals. Mounting evidence has suggested that hippocampal neurogenesis contributes to some forms of hippocampus-dependent learning and memory; however, the detailed mechanism concerning how this small number of newborn neurons could affect learning and memory remains un...

The productivity of mammalian animals is determined by the success of reproduction process to produce healthy and superior off spring with better growths and developments from birth to weaning until maturity. The fitness and health of the newborn off spring until maturity is determined by the growth and development during prenatal period with the final results of improved birth weight. The main...

Glycogen autophagy in newborn rat hepatocytes was studied by using enzyme determinations and electron microscopy. Cyclic AMP induced glycogen autophagy in these cells. Glycogen-hydrolyzing acid glucosidase activity increased whereas acid mannose 6-phosphatase activity decreased in the liver of these animals. Parenteral glucose, which prevents postnatal glucagon secretion and tissue cyclic AMP e...

Sir,—A recent article (Downing, Coleman and Meer, 1973) on the use of Althesin for obstetric anaesthesia concluded that, while it was satisfactory for the parturients undergoing Caesarean section, the newborns often showed a significant degree of neonatal depression. This report and earlier observations of Soyka, Gyermek and Campbell (1970) on the high toxicity of other potent steroid anaesthet...

Respiratory disease is an important problem in bovine neonates. Early detection of clinical disease is challenging. In the newborn calf, mucous membrane color, character and frequency of the respiratory effort, thoracic auscultation, and ability to oxygenate are critical elements of the examination to determine whether or not respiratory disease is present. Within a few days of birth, screening...

The ability of thymus to restore the immune deficiency produced by neonatal thymectomy in mice decreases with the delay of treatment after thymectomy (1). Eventually a state is reached when thymus grafts become ineffective, especially when the animals develop the postthymectomy-wasting syndrome (2, 3). These results were interpreted as indicating that a population of cells in the host, capable ...